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Recently, cancer immunotherapy targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 has proven effective in causing durable antitumor immune responses with less toxicity in many types of tumors.

PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy will be the major cancer immunotherapy modality.

A deeper understanding of personal genomic information, and personalized markers in guiding anti-PD therapy.

Similar to the tip of an iceberg, PD-1/PD-L1 blockade antitumor immunotherapy opens a new era of cancer treatment, and further work on safety and efficiency will be required.

WWI was a potential predictor for cardiovascular mortality with a cut-off of 11.33.

Higher WWI associated with an increased 95% risk for cardiovascular mortality.

Higher WWI associated with an increased 68% risk for all-cause mortality.

Bisphenola A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor widely investigated as a possible environmental contributor to the pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).

Due to its structural similarity with the Estrogen molecule (E2), it acts as a xenoestrogen, binding to genomic and non-genomic estrogen receptors, causing metabolic and hormonal changes that lead to PCOS (hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, anovulation, and ovarian cysts).

The aim and of this review were to present the mechanisms of bisphenol A participation in the pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

The prevalence of chronic pain in the adult population (35.70%) and older adults (47.32%).

Differs from region to region and is associated with heterogeneous risk factors.

Manifested mainly with moderate or severe intensity and with an elevated rate of disability.

Butyrate could suppress IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 up-regulation in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) cells.

Butyrate promoted the lysine acetylation of STAT1 to reduce STAT1 expression.

Butyrate attenuated the IFN-γ-induced impairment of CD8+ T-cell cytotoxicity against CRC cells.

Butyrate suppressed CRC tumor growth by enhancing CD8+ T-cell infiltration.

Decision support systems that can predict the diagnosis of malignancy for pleural effusion will help physicians in patient management.

Advances in computer-aided diagnostic analysis of CT images and obtaining a pre-diagnosis of pleural fluid may reduce the need for interventional procedures by guiding physicians about which patients may have malignancy.

Image-based decision support systems enable early diagnosis and treatment by saving cost and time in patient management.

Analyzing predictors of survival in patients with ovarian carcinoma is crucial.

Independent estimators of mortality in ovarian carcinoma, are more precise by identifying histopathologic tumor grade, FIGO, and NACT.

The aforementioned predictors also involve the number of therapeutic cycles, type of surgery, and chemotherapy response.

Poor chemotherapy response increases the hazard ratio for mortality.

Significant predictors of survival in ovarian carcinoma are the absence of recurrent disease and lymphovascular space invasion.

There is no consensus about which method is preferred for biliary drainage for Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma (PCCA).

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (EBD) or Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage (PTBD) are options of choice.

PTBD is superior to EBD regarding crossover rate, overall post-drainage complications, and post-drainage pancreatitis.

EBD is superior to PTBD when it comes to hospital length of stay.

For the palliation of PCCA, PTBD is superior to EBD in terms of clinical success and post-drainage cholangitis.