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This article defines medical errors and medical responsibility from a Brazilian perspective.

This article calls attention to the risks of medical liability and the unethical use of defensive medicine.

The authors propose some procedures and attitudes to avoid medical errors like the use of technology at the bedside and computer-based protocols.

The authors state that a good and ethical medical practice can avoid medical liability.

Higher Adiposity Index (VAI) tertile shows higher rates of Abdominal Aortic Calcification (AAC).

Each unit increase in VAI was associated with 4% higher likelihood of severe AAC.

Increased visceral adiposity evaluating by VAI associated with a higher AAC score.

This positive relationship was more significant in normal weight population.

The increase of arterial stiffness at younger ages has been considered a strong predictor of cardiovascular outcomes.

Elevated “pulsatile load”, which translates into elevated arterial stiffness, would lead to a cascade of phenomena (left atrium distension, neurohormonal activation and inflammatory response), that in their final common path would lead to the development of atrial fibrillation.

A genetic predisposition for a higher arterial stiffness index was unidirectionally associated with an increase in incidence risk and prevalence of atrial fibrillation. These results are consistent with a causality association between arterial stiffness and atrial fibrillation.

A knowledge gap to be clarified is whether a reduction in arterial stiffness could lead to a decrease in atrial arrhythmia burden, from frequent atrial ectopic beats to atrial fibrillation. Another knowledge gap is the possible rule of arterial stiffness in the so-called “pre-fibrillatory stage”.

Screening and early detection programs are a cornerstone of cervical cancer prevention.

Human papillomavirus DNA-based testing reduced the incidence of CC below per capita GDP.

Cost-effectiveness of HPV testing versus cytology in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) have a positive influence on women's sexuality.

Group CBT was shown to be an effective tool for treating Hypoactive Sexual desire disorder in women.

Group CBT can be a short-term focal intervention carried out by gynecologists specialized in sexual health.

Group CBT can be used in a high-complexity care setting.

Ischemic stroke in COVID-19 is multifactorial but predominantly embolic.

Ischemic stroke in COVID-19 predominantly affects males and the anterior circulation.

Frequency of ischemic stroke has not increased since the outbreak of the pandemic.

The efficacy of P-CAB-based triple therapy is superior to that of PPI-based triple therapy as a first-line approach to H. pylori eradication, particularly in Japanese patients.

P-CABs were not superior to PPIs as a salvage triple eradication therapy.

The safety and tolerability of P-CAB are comparable to PPI in H. pylori triple eradication therapies.

Further large RCTs conducted in multiple regions and countries are necessary.

Two novel inflammation-related markers, LMR and MHR are associated with Chronic Heart Failure (CHF).

LMR and MHR were first proposed to be the predictors of a diagnosis of CHF in this study, which suggested that inflammation was associated with CHF, and anti-inflammation therapy might be a potential target for future therapeutic interventions.

Compared with special inflammatory indicators such as TNF or IL-1, LMR and MHR are routinely measured in clinical practice and less time-consuming, which makes them suitable for popularization.

RT3D-STE and exosome miRNAs can be used as a hierarchical diagnostic system in AMI.

Exosomal miR-152-5p and miR-3681-5p function as potential biomarkers for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.