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Vol. 66. Issue 1.
Pages 13-22 (January - February 2024)
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Vol. 66. Issue 1.
Pages 13-22 (January - February 2024)
Original articles
Operational characteristics of ultrasound in the diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome
Características operativas de la ecografía en el diagnóstico del Síndrome de Sjögren
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D. Guavita-Navarroa,
Corresponding author
dianakt08@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, C. Ibáñezb, J. Cajamarca-Baróna, D.E. Avendaño Rodríguezc, J.L. Torres-Castiblancoc, A.B. Villamizar Barahonac, H.D. Burbano Burbanoc, A. Escobar Trujilloa, J.F. Polod, A. Rojas-Villarragab
a Departamento de Reumatología, Hospital de San José, Bogotá, Colombia
b Vicerrectoría de investigaciones, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud-FUCS, Bogotá, Colombia
c Departamento de Radiología e Imágenes Diagnósticas, Hospital de San José, Bogotá, Colombia
d Departamento de Patología, Hospital de San José, Bogotá, Colombia
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Tables (4)
Table 1. General patient characteristics.
Table 2. Treatment, laboratory and ultrasound characteristics and criteria for Sjögren's syndrome.
Table 3. Sensitivity and specificity levels for the different ultrasound glandular involvement scores.
Table 4. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve values using ultrasound in different settings for patients with symptoms of dryness for the classification of Sjögren's syndrome.
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Abstract
Background and objective

To determine the operational characteristics of salivary gland ultrasound (SGU) in the diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) in a population of colombian patients with dry symptoms.

Materials and methods

Study of diagnostic tests in patients with dry symptoms who consecutively attended the rheumatology consultation (2018–2020). Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained through a survey, paraclinical and ophthalmological tests, minor salivary gland biopsy, unstimulated salivary flow and SGU (score 0–6 based on De Vita) were done. Sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values (Stata 15®) were calculated. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was developed.

Results

102 patients were included (34 SS and 68 non-SS), mean age 55.69 (±11.93) years, 94% women. Positive ultrasound (score of 2 or more) was more frequent in the SS group, (70.6% vs. 22.1%, P<0.0001). The sensitivity was the same for grade 2 and 3 (70.59%), with a higher specificity (89.71%) for grade 3 (PPV 77.42% NPV 85.92). The ROC curve from the sum of the glands by means of ultrasound was better than those of the independent glands. The ROC curve of the ultrasound presented a greater area under the curve (0.72 [0.61−0.82]) than that of the histological analysis (focus score) (0.68 [0.59−0.78]), P=0.0252.

Conclusion

Salivary gland ultrasound is a useful and reliable method for the classification of SS. Its use could be considered in the future within the SS classification criteria.

Keywords:
Sjogren's syndrome
Ultrasonography
Diagnostic imaging
Sensitivity and specificity
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivo

Determinar las características operativas de la ecografía de glándula salival (EGS) en el diagnóstico del síndrome de Sjögren (SS) en una población de pacientes colombianos con síntomas secos.

Materiales y métodos

Estudio de pruebas diagnósticas en pacientes con síntomas secos que asistieron a la consulta de reumatología (2018-2020). Se obtuvieron datos sociodemográficos y clínicos a través de una encuesta, pruebas paraclínicas, oftalmológicas, biopsia de glándula salival menor, flujo salival no estimulado y EGS (puntuación 0-6 basada en De Vita). Se calculó la sensibilidad, la especificidad y los valores predictivos positivo (VPP) y negativo (VPN) (Stata 15®). Se desarrolló la curva de características operativas del receptor (COR).

Resultados

Se incluyó a 102 pacientes (34 con SS y 68 sin SS), edad media±desviación estándar de 55,69±11,93 años, 94% mujeres. La ecografía positiva (puntuación de 2 o más) fue más frecuente en el grupo de SS, (70,6% vs. 22,1%, p<0,0001). La sensibilidad fue igual para el grado 2 y 3 (70,59%), con una especificidad mayor (89,71%) para el grado 3 (VPP 77,42% VPN 85,92). La curva COR a partir de la sumatoria de las glándulas por medio de ecografía, fue mejor que las de las glándulas independientes. La curva COR de la ecografía presentó una mayor área bajo la curva (0,72 [0,61-0,82]) que la del análisis histológico (puntuación por focos) (0,68 [0,59-0,78]), p=0,0252.

Conclusión

La EGS es un método útil y confiable para la clasificación del SS. Se podría plantear su uso a futuro dentro de los criterios clasificatorios de SS.

Palabras clave:
Síndrome de Sjögren
Ultrasonografía
Diagnóstico imagenológico
Sensibilidad y especificidad

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