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Revista de Psicodidáctica (English Edition) The predictive influence of family, teachers, and peers on affective, cognitive,...
Journal Information
Vol. 30. Issue 1.
(January - June 2025)
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2
Vol. 30. Issue 1.
(January - June 2025)
Original
The predictive influence of family, teachers, and peers on affective, cognitive, and behavioral school engagement in primary and secondary school students
Capacidad predictiva de la influencia de la familia, el profesorado y los pares sobre el compromiso escolar emocional, cognitivo y conductual en estudiantes de educación primaria y secundaria
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2
Laura Laraa,b,
Corresponding author
, Edgardo Miranda-Zapatac, Mahia Saracosttid, Ximena de-Toroe
a University of Seville. Faculty of Psychology, Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, C/ Camilo Jose Cela, s/n, 41008, Seville, Spain
b Universidad Autonoma de Chile. Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Psychology Program, Avenida Libertador Bernardo OHiggins 95, Talca, Chile
c Universidad Autonoma de Chile. Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Avenida Pedro de Valdivia 425, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
d University of Chile. Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Work, Avenida Capitan Ignacio Carrera Pinto 1045, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
e Universidad Autonoma de Chile. Office of the Vice President for Research and Development, Avenida Pedro de Valdivia 425, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
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Tables (7)
Table 1. Items and standardized loadings for CF scale for primary and secondary school levels
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Table 2. Items and standardized loadings for SE scale for primary and secondary school levels
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Table 3. One factor model fit for primary and secondary school levels
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Table 4. McDonald Omega Coefficient, Average Variance Extracted and squared correlation between factors for primary school level
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Table 5. McDonald Omega Coefficient, Average Variance Extracted and squared correlation between factors for secondary school level
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Table 6. Measurement invariance of Contextual Factors scale by school level
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Table 7. Measurement invariance of School Engagement scale by school level
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Abstract

School engagement has been proven to be a crucial factor in the development of a successful educational trajectory. It is a multidimensional concept encompassing affective, cognitive, and behavioral aspects, all of which are influenced by the social support students receive from the contexts in which they grow, with the most significant being family, teachers, and peers. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the impact of family, teacher, and peer support on students' levels of affective, cognitive, and behavioral school engagement in the subsequent year while also examining variations between primary and secondary school students. This study involved 927 elementary and secondary school students who were assessed over two consecutive years. The results of the multigroup structural equation analysis revealed that family, teacher, and peer support levels had distinct predictive capabilities on different components of school engagement at both educational levels. Specifically, family support predicted levels of cognitive engagement, while peer support predicted levels of affective engagement. Furthermore, for elementary school students, teacher support emerged as a predictor of behavioral engagement, while for secondary students, it was identified as a predictor of cognitive and affective engagement. This study highlights how important family, teacher, and peer support are for shaping different aspects of school engagement. By understanding these distinct influences, educators and families can work together to create supportive environments that help students thrive academically and emotionally.

Keywords:
School engagement
Contextual factors
Family
Teachers
Peers
Cognitive
Affective
Behavioral
Primary education
Secondary education
Resumen

El compromiso escolar ha demostrado ser un factor crucial para el desarrollo de trayectorias educativas exitosas. Se trata de un constructo multidimensional que incluye aspectos afectivos, cognitivos y conductuales, que se ve influenciado por los contextos en los que los y las estudiantes se desarrollan, siendo los más relevantes la familia, el profesorado y los pares. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es analizar la influencia del apoyo de la familia, el profesorado y los pares que los y las estudiantes tienen sobre los niveles de compromiso escolar afectivo, cognitivo y conductual que presentan al siguiente curso, así como las variaciones entre el alumnado de educación primaria y secundaria. En este estudio participaron 927 estudiantes de educación primaria y secundaria, evaluados en dos cursos consecutivos. Los resultados de los análisis de ecuaciones estructurales multigrupo mostraron que el apoyo recibido de la familia, el profesorado y los pares poseen capacidad predictiva diferenciada sobre los componentes del compromiso escolar en ambos niveles educativos. Concretamente, la familia predijo los niveles de compromiso cognitivo y los pares los niveles de compromiso emocional. Además, en el caso de los y las estudiantes de educación primaria, el apoyo recibido por el profesorado predijo el compromiso conductual y en el caso de los y las estudiantes de secundaria el compromiso afectivo y cognitivo. Este estudio destaca la importancia del apoyo de familia, profesorado y pares para moldear diferentes aspectos del compromiso escolar. Al comprender estas influencias distintas, educadores y familias pueden trabajar juntos para crear entornos de apoyo que ayuden a los y las estudiantes a prosperar académica y emocionalmente.

Palabras clave:
Compromiso escolar
Factores contextuales
Familia
Profesorado
Pares
Cognitivo
Afectivo
Conductual
Educación primaria
Educación secundaria

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