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Enfermería Intensiva (English Edition) Recovery and severity of acute kidney injury in critically ill clinical and surg...
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Vol. 36. Issue 3.
(July - September 2025)
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Vol. 36. Issue 3.
(July - September 2025)
Review article
Recovery and severity of acute kidney injury in critically ill clinical and surgical patients
Recuperación y gravedad de la lesión renal aguda en pacientes críticos clínicos y quirúrgicos
Raquel Teles-Mesquitaa, Natália Vieira-Araújo-Cunhab,
Corresponding author
nataliaaraujo_c@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Marcia Cristina-da-Silva-Magroa, Kamilla Grasielle-Nunes-da-Silvab
a Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasilia (UnB), Brazil
b University of Brasilia (UnB), Brazil, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília-DF, Brazil
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients included in the analysis.
Tables
Table 2. Renal severity staging according to the KDIGO criteria.
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Table 3. Analysis of clinical characteristics between surviving and non-surviving patients.
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Table 4. Analysis between clinical and surgical profile of patients admitted to the intensive care unit and their clinical characteristics.
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Abstract
Introduction

The identification of patients at risk has implications on the management of clinical and surgical patients. The severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) has a negative impact on the patient's prognosis and effects on kidney function recovery.

Objective

To determine the cases of renal recovery and level of severity of AKI in clinical and surgical patients admitted to the intensive care unit. (ICU).

Method

Prospective, observational, longitudinal, and quantitative analytical study. It was carried out in an ICU of a teaching hospital. The sample was non-probabilistic, consisting of 59 surgical and clinical patients. A structured questionnaire consisting of 38 questions subdivided into sections was used for data collection such as hospitalization data; surgery data; history of current hospitalization; hemodynamic and laboratory parameters; AKI severity. Variable analysis was based on non-parametric tests. Two-sided p values<0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results

The most severe AKI according to the classification KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) was 3 and mainly affected clinical patients (34.5%). Surgical patients predominantly developed AKI – KDIGO 2 and 3 (23.3%). The length of hospital stay (p=0.04), and ICU stay (p=0.001) was significant in patients who developed AKI. Renal recovery occurred predominantly in surgical patients (20.3%).

Conclusions

Clinical patients admitted to the ICU are more affected by more severe AKI (KDIGO 3). Renal recovery was observed in approximately two out of every five patients, being more significant in surgical patients.

Keywords:
Acute kidney injury
Intensive care units
Physiological function recovery
Patient severity
Operative surgical procedures
Resumen
Introducción

La identificación de pacientes de riesgo tiene implicaciones para el manejo clínico y quirúrgico del paciente. La gravedad de la lesión renal aguda (LRA) tiene un impacto negativo en el pronóstico del paciente e impacta en la recuperación de la función renal.

Objetivo

Determinar los casos de recuperación renal y nivel de gravedad de la LRA en pacientes clínicos y quirúrgicos ingresados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI).

Método

Estudio observacional longitudinal prospectivo cuantitativo y analítico, realizado en una UCI de un hospital universitario. La muestra fue de tipo no probabilística, conformada por 59 pacientes quirúrgicos y clínicos. Para la obtención de datos se utilizó un cuestionario estructurado que contiene 38 preguntas subdivididas en secciones, tales como: identificación, datos de hospitalización, cirugía, historial de hospitalización actual, parámetros hemodinámicos y de laboratorio y gravedad de la LRA. El análisis de variables se basó en pruebas no paramétricas. Los valores de p bilaterales<0,05 se consideraron estadísticamente significativos.

Resultados

La LRA más grave según la clasifiación Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) fue de 3 y afectó principalmente a pacientes clínicos (34,5%). Los pacientes quirúrgicos desarrollaron predominantemente LRA KDIGO 2 y 3 (23,3%). La duración de la hospitalización (p=0,04) y la duración de la estancia en la UCI (p=0,001) fueron significativas en los pacientes que desarrollaron LRA. La recuperación renal se produjo predominantemente en pacientes quirúrgicos (20,3%).

Conclusiones

Los pacientes clínicos ingresados en la UCI se ven más afectados por LRA más grave (KDIGO 3). La recuperación renal se observó en aproximadamente 2 de cada 5 pacientes, siendo más significativa en los pacientes quirúrgicos.

Palabras clave:
Lesión renal aguda
Unidades de cuidados intensivos
Recuperación de la función fisiológica
Gravedad del paciente
Procedimientos quirúrgicos operativos

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