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Vol. 24. Issue 2.
Pages 103-110 (July - December 2019)
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Vol. 24. Issue 2.
Pages 103-110 (July - December 2019)
Original article
Perfectionism Profiles and Academic Causal Self-attributions in Spanish Primary Education Students
Perfiles de perfeccionismo y autoatribuciones causales académicas en estudiantes españoles de Educación Primaria
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María Vicenta,
Corresponding author
maria.vicent@ua.es

Corresponding author.
, Cándido J. Inglésb, Carolina Gonzálveza, Ricardo Sanmartína, María Pilar Aparicio-Floresa, José Manuel García-Fernándeza
a Universidad de Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
b Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Alicante, Spain
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Statistics
Figures (1)
Tables (4)
Table 1. Reliability, average variance extracted, means, standard deviations and bivariate and partial correlations between the factors of the CAPS and SAS
Table 2. Fit indexes of the results of the LCA
Table 3. Mean scores, standard deviations and post hoc contrasts obtained by the perfectionist profiles on causal self-attributions
Table 4. Cohen's d indexes for post hoc contrasts between the mean scores obtained by the three classes on causal attributions
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Abstract

The aim of this study is to identify the relationship between child perfectionism and academic causal self-attributions using a dual approach: variable-oriented and person-oriented. The sample consists of 431 Spanish students (49.42% girls) between the ages of eight and 11 years (M=9.60, SD=1.08). The Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale and the Sydney Attribution Scale are employed. Three perfectionism profiles are identified using latent class analysis: high perfectionism, moderate perfectionism and non-perfectionism. Non-perfectionism scores significantly higher than high and moderate perfectionism on failure and success self-attributions to external causes, although in the case of success, these differences are only significant for the language area and the total scores. In contrast, non-perfectionism scores significantly lower than the other two profiles on self-attributions of failure to lack of effort. Effect sizes for the observed differences are generally moderate (d=between 0.44 and 0.75). In addition, results of the bivariate and partial correlational analyses indicate the shared and unique relationships between perfectionist dimensions and causal self-attributions. Thus, it allows discussing the perfectionist dimension which explains the inter-class differences found.

Keywords:
Perfectionism
Academic causal self-attributions
Latent class analysis
Primary Education
Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la relación entre el perfeccionismo infantil y las autoatribuciones causales académicas a través de un doble enfoque: centrado en la variable y en la persona. La muestra se compone de 431 estudiantes españoles (49.42% mujeres) con edades comprendidas entre los ocho y los 11 años (M=9.60, DE=1.08). Se utilizan la Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale y la Sydney Attribution Scale. A través del latent class analysis se obtiene una solución de tres perfiles perfeccionistas: perfeccionismo alto, perfeccionismo moderado y no-perfeccionismo. El grupo no-perfeccionismo obtiene puntuaciones significativamente más altas que el perfeccionismo alto y moderado en las autoatribuciones del fracaso y el éxito a causas externas, aunque en el caso del éxito, estas diferencias solo son significativas para el área de lenguaje y el total de las puntuaciones. Por el contrario, el no-perfeccionismo puntúa significativamente más bajo que los otros dos grupos en las autoatribuciones del fracaso a la falta de esfuerzo. Los tamaños del efecto para estas diferencias son, generalmente, moderados (d=entre 0.44 y 0.75). Además, los resultados de los análisis de correlaciones bivariadas y parciales muestran la relación compartida y única entre las dimensiones perfeccionistas y las autoatribuciones causales, permitiendo discutir qué dimensión perfeccionista explica las diferencias interclase encontradas.

Palabras clave:
Perfeccionismo
Autoatribuciones causales académicas
Análisis de clases latentes
Educación Primaria

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