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Vol. 25. Issue 2.
Pages 158-165 (July - December 2020)
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Vol. 25. Issue 2.
Pages 158-165 (July - December 2020)
Original
Reading rate in Spanish-speaking students: A meta-analysis
Velocidad lectora en alumnado hispanohablante: un meta-análisis
Juan C. Ripoll Salcedaa,c,*, Milagros M. Tapia Montesinosb,c, Gerardo Aguado Alonsoc
a Colegio Santa María la Real, Sarriguren, Navarra, Spain
b Universidad de Piura, Piure, Peru
c University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Tables (5)
Table 1. Combined results from reading aloud
Table 2. Combined results for silent reading
Table 3. Comparison of the combined results of reading aloud with other references
Table 4. Comparison of the combined results of silent reading with Taylor´s (1965)
Table 5. Proposal of normal speed range in different grades based on the combined speed and the median of the standard deviations
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Abstract

Reading rate is a measure related to reading comprehension, especially in languages ​​with a transparent orthography such as Spanish. In spite of its potential for the follow-up of student reading learning or for the detection of dyslexia, there are few references that indicate the reading speed in Spanish in the different grades. In this work a meta-analysis is carried out to synthesize the available information and to detect which variables influence the reading speed. In this meta-analysis 45 publications are located that offer 113 measures of reading aloud and 54 of silent reading. The grade accounts for around 70% of the variance of reading rate results. The results are very heterogeneous and none of the variables chosen as moderators can explain this heterogeneity. However, moderator analysis show results that indicate a lower reading speed in Spanish American students than in Spanish students, lower speed in correct word per minute measurements than in word per minute measurements, and differences, at least in the early Elementary courses, according to the term in which the measurement is made. The meta-analysis offers the combined reading rate data aloud and silently from the first Elementary Education course to High School Juniors. In a few cases, these references can be broken down by terms. In comparison with other sources, it is surprising that those obtained here indicate slower speeds than those estimated in English.

Keywords:
Elementary school
Meta-analysis
Reading fluency
Reading rate
Spanish
Secondary school.
Resumen

La velocidad lectora es una medida relacionada con la comprensión lectora, especialmente en idiomas con una ortografía transparente como el español. A pesar de su potencial para el seguimiento del aprendizaje lector del alumnado o la detección de la dislexia, existen pocas referencias que indiquen la velocidad lectora en español en los distintos cursos escolares. En este trabajo se realiza un meta-análisis para sintetizar la información disponible y detectar qué variables influyen en la velocidad lectora. En él se localizan 45 publicaciones que ofrecen 113 medidas de lectura en voz alta y 54 de lectura silenciosa. El curso da cuenta de en torno al 70% de la varianza de los resultados de velocidad lectora. Los resultados son muy heterogéneos y ninguna de las variables elegidas como moderadores alcanza a explicar esta heterogeneidad. No obstante, se encuentran resultados que indican una menor velocidad lectora en el alumnado hispanoamericano que en el alumnado español, menor velocidad en mediciones de palabras correctas por minuto que en mediciones de palabras por minuto, y diferencias, al menos en los primeros cursos de primaria, según el trimestre en que se realiza la medición. El meta-análisis ofrece los datos combinados de velocidad lectora en voz alta y silenciosa desde el primer curso de Educación Primaria hasta el primer curso de Bachillerato. En unos pocos casos, estas referencias se pueden desglosar por trimestres. En la comparación con otras fuentes sorprende que las obtenidas aquí indican velocidades más lentas que las que se estiman en inglés.

Palabras clave:
Educación primaria
Educación secundaria
Español
Fluidez lectora
Meta-análisis
Velocidad lectora.

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