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Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular (English Edition) Prediction of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 treatment response with [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET-de...
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Original Article
Available online 29 September 2025
Prediction of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 treatment response with [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET-derived variables and correlation of the overall survival with serum PSA and PSMA PET-based response criteria
Predicción de la respuesta al tratamiento con [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 mediante variables derivadas de [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET y correlación de la supervivencia global con el PSA sérico y los criterios de respuesta basados en PSMA PET
E. Ozkana, B. Demirb,
Corresponding author
4burakfe@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, C. Soydala, M. Araza, E. Dursuna, N.O. Kucuka, Y. Urunc
a Ankara University Medical School Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
b Sanliurfa Mehmet Akif Inan Education and Research Hospital Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sanliurfa, Turkey
c Ankara University Medical School Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey
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Table 1. Patient counts, diagnoses, and their corresponding descriptive variables.
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Table 2. The median of the PET-based variables among the responder/non-responder and non-progressive/progressive groups are given in tabular format.
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Abstract
Purpose

In this study we aimed to investigate prediction of response with [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET-derived parameters and the effectiveness of RECIP criteria and PSA response in predicting survival after [177Lu]Lu-PSMA therapy.

Methods

Patients who received at least 2 cycles of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA therapy were retrospectively included in the study. All lesions in the PET images were segmented and PSMA PET-based parameters were extracted. The treatment response was evaluated according to RECIP and PSA criteria. ROC analyses were performed to assess their discriminatory power in predicting response. Correlation of overall survival with RECIP and PSA-based response was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.

Results

A total of 41 patients were included in the study. SUVmax, SUVpeak, SUVmean, qPSG-max and qPSG-mean values were significant factors in predicting PSA response. However, in predicting RECIP response (CR + PR), the AUC values for the SUV parameters were not significantly higher than 0.5. In predicting RECIP disease control (CR + PR + SD), the AUC values for SUVmax, SUVpeak, and SUVmean were 0.742(p = 0.002), 0.742(p = 0.002), and 0.722(p = 0.006). In the RECIP-responder and non-responder groups, the median survival was 33.5 and 15.2 months (p = 0.005). In patients with RECIP-disease control and progressive disease, the median survival was 25.1 and 15.2 months (p = 0.002). However, the survival difference between PSA-responder and non-responders groups did not reach significance (p = 0.127).

Conclusion

PSMA PET imaging is a useful method to select patients who will most likely to benefit from [177Lu]Lu-PSMA treatment. Also, it has been shown that RECIP has significantly performed better than PSA-based response evaluation in terms of predicting overall survival.

Keywords:
Prostate cancer
Positron emission tomography
Prostate specific membrane antigen
Gallium-68 PSMA
Lutetium-177 PSMA
Radionuclide therapy
Resumen
Propósito

En este estudio, se evaluó la capacidad de predicción de respuesta mediante parámetros derivados de PET con [68Ga]Ga-PSMA y la eficacia de los criterios RECIP y la respuesta del PSA en la predicción de la supervivencia tras la terapia con [177Lu]Lu-PSMA.

Métodos

Se incluyeron retrospectivamente pacientes que recibieron al menos dos ciclos de terapia con [177Lu]Lu-PSMA. Todas las lesiones en las imágenes PET fueron segmentadas y se extrajeron los parámetros cuantitativos basados en PSMA. La respuesta al tratamiento se evaluó según los criterios RECIP y PSA. Se realizaron análisis ROC para evaluar su capacidad discriminatoria en la predicción de la respuesta. La correlación con la supervivencia global se analizó mediante curvas de Kaplan-Meier.

Resultados

Se incluyó un total de 41 pacientes. Los valores de SUVmax, SUVpeak, SUVmean, qPSG-max y qPSG-mean fueron factores significativos en la predicción de la respuesta del PSA. En la predicción del control de la enfermedad según RECIP (CR + PR + SD), los valores del AUC para SUVmax, SUVpeak y SUVmean fueron 0.742 (p = 0.002), 0.742 (p = 0.002) y 0.722 (p = 0.006), respectivamente. En los grupos de respondedores y no respondedores según RECIP, la supervivencia mediana fue de 33.5 y 15.2 meses (p = 0.005). En pacientes con control de la enfermedad y enfermedad progresiva según RECIP, la supervivencia mediana fue de 25.1 y 15.2 meses (p = 0.002). Sin embargo, la diferencia en la supervivencia entre los grupos de respondedores y no respondedores según PSA no alcanzó significación estadística (p = 0.127).

Conclusión

La PET con PSMA es una herramienta útil para seleccionar a los pacientes con mayor probabilidad de beneficiarse de la terapia con [177Lu]Lu-PSMA. Además, se ha demostrado que los criterios RECIP tienen un mejor rendimiento que la evaluación basada en PSA para predecir la supervivencia global.

Palabras clave:
Cáncer de próstata
Tomografía por emisión de positrones
Antígeno prostático específico de membrana
Galio-68 PSMA
Lutecio-177 PSMA
Terapia con radionúclidos

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