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Available online 18 February 2024
Using profile analysis and ROC curves to examine the relationship between perfectionism and academic self-efficacy in secondary school students
Empleando análisis de perfiles y curvas ROC para examinar la relación entre el perfeccionismo y la autoeficacia académica en estudiantes de Educación Secundaria
Andrea Fuster-Ricoa, María Vicenta,
Corresponding author
maria.vicent@ua.es

Corresponding author.
, Carolina Gonzálveza, María Pérez-Marcoa, Lucía Granados-Alósb, Raquel Suriác
a Department of Developmental Psychology and Teaching, University of Alicante, Spain
b Faculty of Education, International University of Valencia, Spain
c Department of Communication and Social Psychology, University of Alicante, Spain
Received 01 October 2023. Accepted 11 January 2024
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Figures (2)
Tables (5)
Table 1. Sample distribution by sex and age
Table 2. Indices of fit for the results of the latent profile analysis
Table 3. Means and standard deviations of each latent profile obtained on academic self-efficacy
Table 4. Pearson correlation indices and Cohen's d indices for post hoc contrasts between the mean scores obtained by the four profiles on academic self-efficacy
Table 5. Binary logistic regression for the probability of receiving high scores on self-efficacy as a function of the perfectionism variables
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Abstract

This study attempts to clarify the relationship between multidimensional perfectionism and academic self-efficacy in adolescents using a dual approach: variable-oriented and person-oriented. The study sample consisted of 1375 students aged 15 to 18 (M = 16.36, SD = 1.04). The Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale and the Perceived Self-Efficacy in Academic Situations Scale were used. Four perfectionist profiles were obtained from a combination of socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP) and self-oriented perfectionism (SOP) based on the Latent Profile Analysis: very low perfectionism, low perfectionism, high perfectionism, and moderate perfectionism. The high perfectionism group scored significantly higher on academic self-efficacy than the other groups. Furthermore, post-hoc comparisons revealed statistically significant differences in academic self-efficacy between all profiles, with moderate to large effect sizes, with the exception of the very low and low perfectionism groups. Logistic regressions demonstrated that SOP and SPP positively and significantly predicted high scores on academic self-efficacy. Upon analysis of the ROC curves, it was found that both SOP and SPP display good and similar discriminative ability, correctly classifying 79% and 76% of the participants with and without high academic self-efficacy levels, respectively. Possible explanations and implications for Educational Psychology are discussed.

Keywords:
Perfectionism
Academic self-efficacy
Adolescent population
Latent profile analysis
ROC curves
Resumen

El presente estudio pretende contribuir a esclarecer la relación que existe entre el perfeccionismo multidimensional y la autoeficacia académica en población juvenil a partir de un doble enfoque: centrado en la persona y en la variable. La muestra está compuesta de 1.375 estudiantes de entre 15 y 18 años (M = 16.36, DT = 1.04). Se emplean la Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale y la Escala de Autoeficacia Percibida en Situaciones Académicas. A través del análisis de perfiles latentes se obtienen cuatro perfiles perfeccionistas resultado de la interacción entre el perfeccionismo socialmente prescrito (PSP) y el perfeccionismo autoorientado (PAO): perfeccionismo muy bajo, perfeccionismo bajo, perfeccionismo alto y perfeccionismo moderado. El grupo con perfeccionismo alto puntúa positiva y significativamente más alto en autoeficacia académica que el resto. Además, las comparaciones post-hoc muestran que, en relación con la autoeficacia académica, existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre todos los perfiles con tamaños del efecto moderados y grandes, excepto para aquellos con perfeccionismo muy bajo y perfeccionismo bajo. Las regresiones logísticas evidencian que el PAO y el PSP predicen de forma positiva y significativa altas puntuaciones en autoeficacia académica. Al emplear el análisis de las Curvas ROC, se obtiene que la capacidad discriminativa tanto del PAO como del PSP es buena y similar, clasificando correctamente al 79% y 76% de los participantes con y sin altos niveles de autoeficacia académica. Se discuten las posibles explicaciones y las implicaciones de los resultados para el ámbito de la Psicología de la Educación.

Palabras clave:
Perfeccionismo
Autoeficacia académica
Población juvenil
Análisis de perfiles latentes
Curvas ROC

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