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Vol. 24. Issue 1.
Pages 39-45 (January - June 2019)
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Vol. 24. Issue 1.
Pages 39-45 (January - June 2019)
Original
Adolescent Bullying Victimization and Life Satisfaction: Can Family and School Adult Support Figures Mitigate this Effect?
Bullying en la adolescencia y satisfacción con la vida: ¿Puede el apoyo de los adultos de la familia y la escuela mitigar este efecto?
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Rafael Mirandaa,
Corresponding author
rmirandaa@continental.edu.pe

Corresponding author.
, Xavier Oriolb, Alberto Amutioc, Harry Ortúzard
a Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Continental, Huancayo, Perú
b Facultad de Educación y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago de Chile, Chile
c Departamento de Psicología Social y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Donostia-San Sebastian, España
d Universidad Tecnológica de Chile INACAP, Santiago de Chile, Chile
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Figures (2)
Tables (4)
Table 1. Percentage of bullying by sex and adolescence stage
Table 2. Descriptive analysis and correlations of the variables of this study
Table 3. Regression model for students’ life satisfaction by adult home support
Table 4. Regression model for students’ life satisfaction by adult school support
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Abstract

There are still few studies relating bullying victimization and life satisfaction (LS). This study aimed to assess the mitigating effect of adult figures support (at school and home) on the relationship between bullying victimization and life satisfaction experienced by adolescents. To this end, a sample of 5774 adolescents from 71 schools located throughout the violent neighborhoods of Lima (Peru) was evaluated. A moderation analysis was performed to assess the moderating role of support adult figures from home and school. The results show that the support of adults at home and school mitigate the negative effect of bullying victimization on life satisfaction, and this effect is larger in the case of adult home support. Adult support at home and school help students with high prevalence of bullying victimization maintain high levels of life satisfaction compared to adolescents with low support from adults. Finally, the need for adults at school and home to take joint measures to prevent and reduce the prevalence of this type of peer violence is discussed.

Keywords:
Bullying victimization
Adolescents
Adult home support
Adult school support
Life satisfaction
Resumen

Existen pocos estudios que vinculen la victimización sufrida por bullying con la satisfacción con la vida. En este sentido, este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el efecto mitigador del apoyo de figuras adultas (padres, madres y adultos de la escuela) en los efectos de la victimización por bullying en la satisfacción con la vida en adolescentes. Con este fin, se evalúa a una muestra de 5774 adolescentes de 71 escuelas distribuidas en barrios violentos de Lima, Perú. Para ello, se realiza un análisis de moderación para evaluar el papel moderador de las figuras adultas de apoyo del hogar y de la escuela. Los resultados muestran que el apoyo de los adultos en casa mitiga la relación negativa entre la victimización y la satisfacción con la vida. Este efecto es mayor en el caso del apoyo proporcionado por los padres y madres. El apoyo brindado por los adultos tanto del hogar como de la escuela favorece que los adolescentes que padecen una alta prevalencia de victimización puedan mantener niveles superiores de satisfacción con la vida respecto a los adolescentes que perciben bajo apoyo de los adultos. Finalmente, se discute la necesidad de que adultos en la escuela y padres realicen acciones coordinadas para prevenir y disminuir la prevalencia de este tipo de violencia entre compañeros/as.

Palabras clave:
Acoso escolar
Adolescentes
Apoyo familiar
Apoyo escolar
Satisfacción con la vida

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