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Vol. 24. Issue 6.
Pages 287-291 (January 2001)
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Vol. 24. Issue 6.
Pages 287-291 (January 2001)
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Tratamiento endoscópico de la ictericia obstructiva en un hospital de nivel II del Sistema Nacional de Salud
Endoscopic Treatment Of Obstructive Jaundice In A Second Level National Health System Hospital
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J. García-Cano Lizcano
Corresponding author
jgarciacano@teleline.es

Correspondencia: Dr. J. García-Cano Lizcano. Residencial Los Alfares, bloque 4, 6.° D. 16002 Cuenca
, J.A. González Martín, A. Pérez Sola, J. Morillas Ariño
Sección de Aparato Digestivo. Hospital Virgen de la Luz. Cuenca
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Antecedentes y Objetivos

La dificultad para realizar en pocos días tras el diagnóstico de ictericia obstructiva una colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE) a nuestros pacientes, en los hospitales de referencia, nos llevó a realizar la técnica en nuestro centro. Preveíamos tener un volumen bajo de CPRE anuales. Analizamos el éxito en el drenaje biliar inicial y las complicaciones de la técnica.

Pacientes y Métodos

Se llevó a cabo un estudio retrospectivo, de 1997 a 1999, período en el que realizamos 240 CPRE. A 128 pacientes se les realizaron 140 CPRE por ictericia obstructiva (58,3%). El diagnóstico final fue: 69 (54%) coledocolitiasis, 35 (27%) tumores, 21 (17%) dilataciones de la vía biliar sin obstrucción (DVBSO) en el momento de la colangiografía y 3 (2%) estenosis benignas de la vía biliar.

Resultados

El tiempo medio para realizar la CPRE fue de 5,26 ± 2,8 días. Se logró la colangiografía en 117 pacientes (91,4%). Se realizó terapéutica endoscópica eficaz en 111 enfermos (86,7%). Se solucionó la ictericia en 62 (90%) coledocolitiasis –55 (80%) con extracción de los cálculos y siete (10%) con prótesis–, en 25 (71,5%) tumores –sobre todo con prótesis–, y en el 100% de las estenosis benignas. En todos los pacientes con dilatación de la vía biliar sin obstrucción se realizó una esfinterotomía biliar. Hubo complicaciones en 15 pacientes (11,7%) y dos fallecieron (1,56%).

Conclusiones

En un centro de nuestras características se pueden tratar satisfactoriamente la mayoría de pacientes con ictericia obstructiva. Sin embargo, en los tumores, las cifras de drenaje están moderadamente por debajo de las comunicadas en la bibliografía.

Background And Aims

The difficulty of performing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in our patients in the reference hospitals within a few days of diagnosis of obstructive jaundice led us to perform this technique in our center. We expected to perform a small number of ERCP annually. We analyzed the success rate of initial biliary drainage and the complications of this procedure.

Patients And Methods

We performed a retrospective study. From 1997-1999 we carried out 240 ERCP. In 128 patients, 140 ERCP were performed for obstructive jaundice (58,3%). The final diagnosis was choledocholithiasis in 69 patients (54%), tumors in 35 (27%), dilatation of the biliary tract without obstruction at cholangiography in 21 (17%) and benign stenosis of the biliary tract in 3 (2%).

Results

The mean procedure time for ERCP was 5.26 (± 2.8) days. Cholangiography was successfully performed in 117 patients (91.4%). Effective therapeutic endoscopy was performed in 111 patients (86.7%). Jaundice was resolved in 62 patients (90%) with choledocholithiasis, 55 (80%) by stone removal and in 7 (10%) by prosthesis. Resolution was also achieved in 25 (71.5%) tumors, mainly by prosthesis, and in 100% of patients with benign stenosis. In all patients with dilatation of the biliary tract without obstruction, biliary sphincterotomy was performed. Complications were found in 15 patients (11.7%) and two (1.56%) died.

Conclusions

The majority of patients with obstructive jaundice can be satisfactorily treated in a center with our characteristics. However, in tumors, the figures for drainage were slightly lower than those reported in the medical literature.

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Copyright © 2001. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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