Información del artículo
Resumen
La miocarditis consiste en la inflamación del miocardio, producida la mayoría de las veces por una infección viral. La confirmación diagnóstica en la práctica clínica habitual es difícil porque la historia clínica y la exploración física, las alteraciones en el electrocardiograma, la determinación de las enzimas cardiacas y el ecocardiograma ofrecen escasa precisión diagnóstica, y no es infrecuente que se plantee el diagnóstico diferencial con el infarto agudo de miocardio. La resonancia magnética (RM) cardiaca se ha convertido en el método de imagen de elección para el diagnóstico de la miocarditis. En este trabajo se describen los hallazgos de imagen en la RM en el momento del diagnóstico y en el seguimiento de los pacientes con miocarditis, el diagnóstico diferencial con otros procesos agudos como el infarto de miocardio, y los factores pronósticos estudiados mediante RM.
Palabras clave:
Miocarditis
Resonancia magnética
Imagen cardiaca
Abstract
Myocarditis, inflammation of the myocardium, is usually due to viral infection. Diagnostic confirmation in ordinary clinical practice is difficult because the findings on the clinical history, physical examination, electrocardiogram, and laboratory tests offer scant diagnostic accuracy, and the differential diagnosis is often done with acute myocardial infarction. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has become the method of choice for the diagnosis of myocarditis. In this article, we describe the CMR findings at diagnosis and during the follow-up of patients with myocarditis, the differential diagnosis with other acute processes like myocardial infarction, and the prognostic factors studied with CMR.
Keywords:
Myocarditis
Magnetic resonance imaging
Cardiac imaging
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