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Enfermería Intensiva (English Edition) Association between family caregiver competence and dependency in patients disch...
Journal Information
Vol. 36. Issue 2.
(April - June 2025)
Original article
Association between family caregiver competence and dependency in patients discharged from the Intensive Care Unit
Asociación entre competencia del cuidador familiar y dependencia en pacientes que egresan de Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo
Natalia Esquivel Garzón
Corresponding author
nesquiva@uis.edu.co

Corresponding author.
, Dora Inés Parra
Universidad Industrial de Santander, Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Enfermería, Bucaramanga, Colombia
Article information
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Sociodemographic characteristics of family caregivers of adults discharged from the ICU in a situation of dependency (n = 140).
Tables
Table 2. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients discharged from the ICU (n = 140).
Tables
Table 3. Distribution of caregiver’s performance according to the patient’s level of dependency.
Tables
Table 4. Individual and joint effect of the factors that affect the caregiver’s performance.
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Abstract
Objective

To determine the association between the competence (knowledge, skill and preparation) of the family caregiver and the degree of dependency of patients discharged from Intensive Care Unit.

Method

A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out to characterize family caregivers and patients discharged from the ICU with moderate, severe or total dependence according to Barthel score. Competence was measured with the application of the CUIDAR instrument and caregiver performance (execution of activities in a specific situation) with an instrument that evaluated the performance of actions aimed at supplying basic needs of feeding, elimination, body hygiene, skin care, oxygen therapy and medication administration in a sample of 140 caregivers.

Results

A positive association was found between patient functionality and caregiver performance (Spearman rho: 0.38; p < .001). In contrast, no significant correlation was observed between the self-perception of caregiver competence assessed with the CUIDAR instrument and the patient’s functionality, measured by the Barthel scale (Spearman rho: 0.12; p = .16). The 69.3% of the participants had a medium or low competence, only (30.7%) were classified at a high level. The lowest scores were obtained in knowledge (62.9%), followed by uniqueness (32.9%).

Conclusion

There is a significant association between patient functionality and objectively assessed caregiver performance; thus, caregivers of more dependent patients have significant challenges to achieve adequate performance in their role.

Keywords:
Critical care
Competence
Family caregiver
Dependency
Adult
Resumen
Objetivo

Determinar la asociación entre la competencia (conocimiento, habilidad y preparación) del cuidador familiar y el grado de dependencia de los pacientes que egresan de Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo.

Método

Estudio descriptivo, transversal, se llevó a cabo la caracterización de los cuidadores familiares y de los pacientes que egresaron de UCI con dependencia moderada, severa o total según puntuación de Barthel, la competencia se midió con la aplicación del instrumento CUIDAR y el desempeño del cuidador (ejecución de actividades en una situación concreta) con un instrumento que evaluó la realización de acciones destinadas a suplir necesidades básicas de alimentación, eliminación, higiene corporal, cuidado de la piel, oxigenoterapia y administración de medicamentos en una muestra de 140 cuidadores.

Resultados

Se encontró una asociación positiva entre la funcionalidad del paciente y el desempeño del cuidador (rho Spearman: 0,38; p < 0,001). En contraste no se observó una correlación significativa entre la autopercepción de la competencia de los cuidadores evaluada con el instrumento CUIDAR y la funcionalidad del paciente, medida por la escala de Barthel (rho Spearman: 0,12; p = 0,16). El 69,3% de los participantes tuvo una competencia media o baja, tan solo el (30,7%) se clasificó en un nivel alto. Los menores puntajes se obtuvieron en conocimiento (62.9%), seguido de unicidad (32.9%).

Conclusión

Existe una asociación significativa entre la funcionalidad del paciente y el desempeño del cuidador evaluado de forma objetiva; de forma que los cuidadores de pacientes con mayor dependencia tienen importantes desafíos para lograr un adecuado desempeño en su rol.

Palabras clave:
Cuidados críticos
Competencia
Cuidador familiar
Dependencia
Adulto

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