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Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular (English Edition) Redefining preoperative imaging-based localization of adenomas in primary hyperp...
Journal Information
Vol. 44. Issue 4.
(July - August 2025)
Vol. 44. Issue 4.
(July - August 2025)
Original Article
Redefining preoperative imaging-based localization of adenomas in primary hyperparathyroidism patients candidates for minimally invasive surgery
Redefiniendo la localización preoperatoria basada en imágenes de los adenomas en pacientes con hiperparatiroidismo primario candidatos a cirugía mínimamente invasiva
Sebastián Casanueva-Eliceirya, Marti Manyalich-Blasib, Arnau Farré-Meleroa, Aida Niñerola-Baizána,c, David Saavedrab, Mireia Mora-Portad,e, Felicia A. Hanzud,e, Aida Oroisd,e, Mattia Squarciaf, Maite Rodrigo-Calvog, Marta Tormo-Rateraa, Katherine Quintero-Martineza, David Fuster-Pelforta,
Corresponding author
DFUSTER@clinic.cat

Corresponding author.
, Oscar Vidal-Pérezb, Sergi Vidal-Sicarta
a Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital Clínic Barcelona CDI – IDIBAPS, Spain
b Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Clínic Barcelona – IDIBAPS, Spain
c Biomedical Research Networking Center of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
d Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona – IDIBAPS, Spain
e Medicine Department, University of Barcelona, Spain
f Department of Radiology, Hospital Clínic Barcelona – CDI, Spain
g Department of Anatomical Pathology, Hospital Clínic Barcelona – CBD, Spain
Article information
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Patient description. Demographic and clinical characteristics of 90 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism undergoing minimally invasive surgery.
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Table 2. Observation agreement. Agreement of the observations between the three methods and their pairwise comparison, by considering only the location findings (Location Agreement) and all the findings, including the ectopic ones (Total Agreement).
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Abstract
Background and objectives

To compare the diagnostic accuracy of [18F]-Fluorocholine (FCH) PET/CT with conventional [99mTc]Tc-MIBI scintigraphy and cervical ultrasound (USG) for the preoperative localization of hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue (HFPT) in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).

Materials and methods

This prospective study included 90 patients diagnosed with PHPT who underwent [18F]F-CH PET/CT, [99mTc]Tc-MIBI SPECT/CT and Neck USG. The diagnostic accuracy of each imaging modality was assessed using intraoperative findings and histopathological confirmation as the gold standard. The localization accuracy was evaluated based on specific quadrant detection, laterality, and ectopic gland identification. The study also explored the correlation between imaging findings and biochemical parameters, including preoperative and postoperative PTH and calcium levels.

Results

[18F]F-CH PET/CT demonstrated superior accuracy in detecting pathological parathyroid glands compared to [99mTc]Tc-MIBI SPECT/CT and USG. [¹⁸F]F-CH PET/CT correctly identified 98.9% of patients with pathological glands, with a specific location accuracy of 93.2%, 65.9% and 38.8% for [¹⁸F]F-CH PET/CT, [99mTc]Tc-MIBI SPECT/CT and USG, respectively.

For ectopic adenomas, FCH PET/CT achieved an accuracy of 100% (4/4), while MIBI and neck ultrasound identified these in 50% (2/4) and 0% (0/4) of cases, respectively.

There were two cases of multiglandular disease, [18F]F-CH PET/CT and [99mTc]Tc-MIBI each detected one gland in one case (50%) while USG detected none; in the other case, [18F]F-CH PET/CT and USG identified both glands (100%), and [99mTc]Tc-MIBI detected none.

Significant correlations were observed between SUVmax values from [18F]F-CH PET/CT and gland size, weight, and preoperative PTH levels.

Conclusions

[18F]F-CH PET/CT outperformed conventional imaging modalities in the preoperative localization of HFPT, particularly in challenging cases such ectopic or multiglandular disease. These findings support its potential as an effective and reliable imaging tool for the management of primary hyperparathyroidism.

Keywords:
Ultrasonography
MIBI-SPECT
FCH-PET/CT
Adenoma
Primary hyperthyroidism
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivos

Comparar la precisión diagnóstica de la tomografía por emisión de positrones con [18F]-Fluorocolina ([18F]F-CH PET/CT) con la gammagrafía convencional con [99mTc]Tc-MIBI y la ecografía cervical (USG) para la localización preoperatoria del tejido paratiroideo hiperfuncionante (TPH) en pacientes con hiperparatiroidismo primario (HPTP).

Materiales y métodos

Este estudio prospectivo incluyó a 90 pacientes con diagnóstico de HPTP que fueron sometidos a [18F]F-CH PET/CT, [99mTc]Tc-MIBI SPECT/CT y USG cervical. La precisión diagnóstica de cada modalidad de imagen se evaluó utilizando los hallazgos intraoperatorios y la confirmación histopatológica como estándar de referencia. Se analizó la precisión en la localización según la detección en cuadrantes específicos, lateralidad e identificación de glándulas ectópicas. Además, se exploró la correlación entre los hallazgos por imágenes y los parámetros bioquímicos, incluyendo los niveles preoperatorios y postoperatorios de PTH y calcio.

Resultados

[18F]F-CH PET/CT mostró una mayor precisión en la detección de glándulas paratiroideas patológicas en comparación con [99mTc]Tc-MIBI SPECT/CT y USG. [18F]F-CH PET/CT identificó correctamente el 98.9% de los pacientes con glándulas patológicas, con una precisión de localización específica del 93.2%, 65.9% y 38.8% para [18F]F-CH PET/CT, [99mTc]Tc-MIBI SPECT/CT y USG, respectivamente.

Para adenomas ectópicos, [18F]F-CH PET/CT logró una precisión del 100% (4/4), mientras que MIBI y USG identificaron estos en el 50% (2/4) y 0% (0/4) de los casos, respectivamente.

Hubo dos casos de enfermedad multiglandular, [18F]F-CH PET/CT y [99mTc]Tc-MIBI detectaron una glándula en un caso (50%), mientras que USG no detectó ninguna; en el otro caso, [18F]F-CH PET/CT y USG identificaron ambas glándulas (100%), y [99mTc]Tc-MIBI no detectó ninguna.

Se observaron correlaciones significativas entre los valores de SUVmax obtenidos por [18F]F-CH PET/CT y el tamaño, peso de la glándula y los niveles preoperatorios de PTH.

Conclusiones

[18F]F-CH PET/CT superó a las modalidades de imagen convencionales en la localización preoperatoria del TPH, especialmente en casos desafiantes como enfermedad ectópica o multiglandular. Estos hallazgos respaldan su potencial como una herramienta de imagen efectiva y confiable para el manejo del hiperparatiroidismo primario.

Palabras clave:
Ultrasonografía
MIBI-SPECT
FCH-PET/CT
Adenoma
Hipertiroidismo Primario

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