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Enfermería Intensiva (English Edition) Efficacy of locally infiltrated amides as local anesthesia in arterial puncture ...
Journal Information
Vol. 36. Issue 2.
(April - June 2025)
Review article
Efficacy of locally infiltrated amides as local anesthesia in arterial puncture for blood gas analysis: A systematic review
Eficacia de las amidas infiltradas como anestésico local en la punción arterial para gasometría: una revisión sistemática
Itxaso Nieves-Cámaraa, Sendoa Ballesteros-Peñab,c,d,
Corresponding author
sendoa.ballesteros@ehu.eus

Corresponding author.
a Osakidetza, Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo, Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
b Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
c Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Spain
d Osakidetza, Hospital Santa Marina, Bilbao, Spain
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Table 1. Search strategy.
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Abstract
Aim

To assess the efficacy of infiltrated amides in reducing pain caused by arterial puncture for blood gas analysis.

Method

A search protocol was developed and applied across four databases (Medline, SCOPUS, Embase, and TRIP Database). Clinical trials published between January 2000 and May 2024, in either Spanish or English, were considered. Clinical trials comparing the analgesic efficacy of infiltrated amides in adult patients undergoing arterial puncture were selected.

Results

Five randomised clinical trials were selected, with sample sizes ranging from 10 to 133 adult patients per randomization group. The studies showed mixed results regarding the efficacy of infiltrated amides in reducing pain associated with arterial puncture. Two studies highlighted mepivacaine for its pain reduction efficacy, while the other three demonstrated variable efficacy of lidocaine.

Conclusions

The efficacy of infiltrated amides as local anaesthetics in arterial puncture for blood gas analysis varies. Mepivacaine appears promising; however, further studies are needed to establish clear recommendations. It is crucial to consider patient preferences and professional experience when deciding on the use of these anaesthetics.

Keywords:
Blood gas analysis
Pain
Punctures
Anesthetics local
Mepivacaine
Lidocaine
Resumen
Objetivo

Evaluar la eficacia de las amidas infiltradas para reducir el dolor causado por la punción arterial para gasometría.

Método

Se elaboró un protocolo de búsqueda que se empleó en cuatro bases de datos (Medline, SCOPUS, Embase y TRIP Database). Se consideraron ensayos clínicos publicados entre enero de 2000 y mayo de 2024, en español o inglés. Se seleccionaron ensayos clínicos que compararan la eficacia analgésica de las amidas infiltradas en pacientes adultos sometidos a punción arterial.

Resultados

Fueron seleccionados 5 ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, con tamaños muestrales comprendidos entre 10 y 133 pacientes adultos por grupo de aleatorización. Los estudios mostraron resultados mixtos en la eficacia de las amidas infiltradas para reducir el dolor asociado con la punción arterial. Dos estudios destacaron la mepivacaína por su eficacia en la reducción del dolor, mientras que otros tres mostraron una eficacia variable de la lidocaína.

Conclusiones

La eficacia de las amidas infiltradas como anestésicos locales en la punción arterial para gasometría es variable. La mepivacaína se muestra prometedora; sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios para establecer recomendaciones claras. Es fundamental considerar las preferencias del paciente y la experiencia del profesional al decidir el uso de estos anestésicos.

Palabras clave:
Gasometría sanguínea
Dolor
Punciones
Anestésicos locales
Mepivacaína
Lidocaína

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