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Vol. 10. Núm. 1.
Páginas 18-29 (Enero - Marzo 2013)
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Vol. 10. Núm. 1.
Páginas 18-29 (Enero - Marzo 2013)
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Control predictivo para seguimiento de sistemas no lineales. Aplicación a una planta piloto
MPC for tracking of constrained nonlinear systems. Application to a pilot plant
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A. Ferramoscaa,b,
Autor para correspondencia
ferramosca@santafe-conicet.gov.ar

Autor para correspondencia.
, J.K. Gruberc, D. Limonb, E.F. Camachob
a Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC), CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL). Güemes 3450, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
b Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas y Automática, Escuela Superior de Ingenieros, Universidad de Sevilla. Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n., 41092 Sevilla, España
c Unidad de Procesos Eléctricos, Instituto IMDEA Energía. Avda. Ramón de la Sagra, 3, 28935 Móstoles, Madrid, España
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Resumen

Este artículo trata el problema del diseño de un controlador predictivo para seguimiento de referencias cambiantes, en el caso de sistemas no lineales. Los controladores predictivos proveen leyes de control adecuadas para regular sistemas lineales o no lineales a un punto de equilibrio dado garantizando la satisfacción de restricciones y la estabilidad asintótica. Pero si este punto de equilibrio cambia, el controlador podría perder la estabilidad o incluso la factibilidad y por lo tanto sería incapaz de seguir la referencia deseada. En (Ferramosca et al., 2009a) se ha propuesto un controlador predictivo para seguimiento de referencias capaz de garantizar factibilidad y convergencia al punto de equilibrio a pesar de los cambios que este pueda sufrir. En este artículo, este controlador se utiliza para controlar en tiempo real una planta piloto de procesos. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que el controlador predictivo para seguimiento es capaz de controlar plantas con dinámicas no lineales y restricciones. El experimento demuestra cómo el controlador garantiza estabilidad, factibilidad y convergencia también en caso de referencias no alcanzables.

Palabras clave:
Control predictivo
seguimiento de referencia
estabilidad
sistemas no lineales
Abstract

This paper deals with the tracking problem for constrained nonlinear systems using a model predictive control (MPC) law. MPC provides a control law suitable for regulating constrained linear and nonlinear systems to a given target steady state. However, when the target operating point changes, the feasibility of the controller may be lost and the controller fails to track the reference. Recently, a novel MPC for tracking constrained nonlinear systems has been presented (Ferramosca et al., 2009a). This is capable to steer the system to any reference, even in the case of changing references. In this paper, this controller is used for the real-time control of a chemical pilot plant. The obtained experimental results demonstrate that the MPC for tracking is suitable for the control of plants with nonlinear dynamics since it ensures stability and offset-free convergence in case of large changes in the reference even using short prediction horizons. Besides, in case of unreachable set points, the controller steers the system to the closest reachable equilibrium point.

Keywords:
Model predictive control
setpoint tracking
stability
nonlinear systems
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