Objective. To assess the extent of under reporting (UR) in a group of adolescent swimmers (SWI) compared to normo-active adolescents (CON) and investigate associated variables for each group.
Methods. A total of 80 SWI (37 females; 14.3 ± 1.8 y) and 60 CON (23 females; 14.4 ± 2.7 y) were evaluated. Weight, height and waist circumference (WC) were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Percentage of body fat (BF%) was calculated with Slaughter equation. Socioeconomic status was registered with a questionnaire. Contribution of macronutrients to energy intake (EI) was registered by two 24hour dietary recalls. UR was identified according to the Goldberg criterion adapted to adolescents. Pearson correlations between UR and the mentioned variables were performed. Multiple linear regressions investigated the associations between UR and the correlated variables (BMI, %BF and WC separately included to avoid colinearity).
Results. Rates of UR were 19.6% and 2.9% in male and female CON respectively; and 24% and 23.3% in male and female SWI respectively, with significant differences between males and females CON and between SWI and CON females (p < 0.05). In male CON, BMI (0.37; CI 0.01, 0.11) and BF% (0.34; CI 0.00, 0.04) were positively related to UR and contribution of lipids to EI was negatively related to UR in BMI (-0.50; CI -0.05,-0.01), WC (-0.48; CI -0.05,-0.00) and BF% (-0.44, CI -0.05,-0.00) independent models. In male SWI, BMI (0.33; CI 0.00, 0.10) and WC (0.30; CI 0.00, 0.05) were positively related to UR. In female SWI, contribution of proteins to EI (0.41; CI 0.01, 0.06) was positively related to UR.
Conclusion. In female CON, the low percentage of UR makes difficult to draw conclusions. High BMI shows to be related to UR in males independently of physical activity level. However, athletes and CON show different dietary patterns when UR.
Autor para correspondencia. cjulian@unizar.es
