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Inicio Endocrinología y Nutrición Prevención de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2
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Vol. 52. Núm. 2.
Páginas 75-81 (Febrero 2005)
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Vol. 52. Núm. 2.
Páginas 75-81 (Febrero 2005)
Curso de la SEEN
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Prevención de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus
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J. Vidal
Autor para correspondencia
jovidal@clinic.ub.es

Correspondencia: Dr. J. Vidal. Unidad de Obesidad. Servicio de Endocrinología y Diabetes. Hospital Clínic. Villarroel, 170. 08036 Barcelona. España.
Unidad de Obesidad. Servicio de Endocrinología y Diabetes. Hospital Clínic de Barcelona. Barcelona. España
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A golpe de siglas y acrónimos parece que hemos llegado al convencimiento de que la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 es una enfermedad que puede y debe prevenirse. Los estudios DPS, DPP, STOP-NIDDM, XENDOS y TRIPOD han demostrado que estrategias basadas en la promoción de cambios en el estilo de vida o farmacológicas pueden reducir de manera significativa la incidencia de nuevos casos de diabetes mellitus tipo 2.

Son diversas las razones que sustentan que debamos pasar a la acción en la prevención de la diabetes tipo 2. Sin embargo, debemos fijarnos en el quién y el cómo para que las políticas de prevención puedan alcanzar sus objetivos. Basándose en los datos de los estudios referidos anteriormente, en esta revisión se discute cómo identificar a los pacientes candidatos a recibir una intervención orientada a prevenir la diabetes tipo 2. Se discuten también las ventajas y los inconvenientes de las intervenciones sobre el estilo de vida y las farmacológicas. Sin duda, las primeras son las de elección. Sin embargo su implantación puede llevarnos a tener que replantear algunos aspectos organizativos de nuestra práctica clínica habitual. Finalmente, se discuten algunas líneas de futuro en la prevención de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2.

Palabras clave:
Diabetes mellitus
Prevención
Obesidad
Metformina
Acarbosa
Orlistat
Estilo de vida

A whole series of abbreviations and acronyms seem to have led to the conviction that type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disease that can and should be prevented.

The DPS, DPP, DPP, STOP-NIDDM, XENDOS and TRIPOD studies have demonstrated that strategies based on promoting changes in lifestyle or pharmaceutical interventions can significantly reduce the incidence of new cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus. There are several arguments to support preventive interventions against type 2 diabetes.

However, for prevention policies to achieve their objectives, they must be targeted at the right groups and carried out in an appropriate manner. Based on data from the above-mentioned studies, the present review discusses how to identify patients who are candidates to receive an intervention designed to prevent diabetes type 2. The advantages and disadvantages of lifestyle and pharmaceutical interventions are also discussed.

Undoubtedly, the former are preferable. However, their implementation may lead us to modify certain organizational features of daily clinical practice. Finally, future directions in the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus are discussed.

Key words:
Diabetes mellitus
Prevention
Obesity
Metformin
Acarbose
Orlistat
Lifestyle
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Bibliografía
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Copyright © 2005. Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición
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