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Inicio Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition) Unilateral non-haemorrhagic adrenal infarction during the puerperium in a patien...
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Vol. 30. Issue 4.
Pages 342-346 (October - December 2023)
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Vol. 30. Issue 4.
Pages 342-346 (October - December 2023)
Case report
Unilateral non-haemorrhagic adrenal infarction during the puerperium in a patient with antiphospholipid syndrome
Infarto adrenal unilateral no hemorrágico durante el puerperio en una paciente con síndrome antifosfolipídico
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Vanessa Ocampo-Piraquivea,b, Milly J. Vecinoa,b, Iván Posso-Osorioa,b, Carlos A. Cañasb,c,
Corresponding author
cacd12@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
a Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
b GIRAT: Group of Research in Rheumatology, Autoimmunity and Translational Medicine, Fundación Valle del Lili and Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
c Rheumatology Unit, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
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Abstract

The leading complication of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is arterial and venous thrombotic diathesis, which usually manifests as deep vein thrombosis or cerebrovascular events. However, it can occur in any blood vessel, rarely including the adrenal vessels. This can be the first manifestation of APS, and it is frequently bilateral and triggers adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease). It has been proposed that the initial phenomenon is thrombosis of the adrenal veins leading to infarction. Bilateral involvement is usually irreversible and requires permanent hormone replacement therapy. Unilateral involvement is even more infrequent and appears to have a better prognosis. We report the case of a 35-year-old female patient with a history of APS (repeated spontaneous abortions, livedo reticularis, presence of antiphospholipid antibodies and lupus anticoagulant), who presented with right adrenal infarction during the puerperium and whose clinical manifestation was sudden and severe lumbar pain. The diagnosis was made with contrast enhanced tomography. The patient made satisfactory progress, with no evidence of adrenal insufficiency.

Keywords:
Adrenal infarction
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)
Adrenal insufficiency
Resumen

La principal complicación del síndrome antifosfolípidos (SAF) es la diátesis trombótica, tanto arterial como venosa, que suele manifestarse como trombosis venosa profunda o diversos tipos de eventos cerebrovasculares; sin embargo, puede ocurrir en cualquier vaso sanguíneo, incluyendo muy ocasionalmente los vasos adrenales. Puede ser incluso la primera manifestación del SAF, y suele ser bilateral, con el consecuente desarrollo de insuficiencia adrenal (enfermedad de Addison). Se ha propuesto que el fenómeno inicial es una trombosis de las venas adrenales que condiciona un infarto. Con frecuencia, el compromiso bilateral es irreversible y requiere terapia de suplencia hormonal de forma permanente. La afectación unilateral es más rara y parece tener mejor pronóstico. Se reporta el caso de una paciente de 35 años con antecedente de SAF (abortos a repetición, livedo reticularis, presencia de anticuerpos antifosfolipídicos y anticoagulante lúpico), que presentó un infarto adrenal derecho durante el puerperio y cuya manifestación clínica fue dolor lumbar súbito e intenso. El diagnóstico se realizó con escanografía contrastada. La paciente ha evolucionado favorablemente, sin que se evidencie insuficiencia adrenal.

Palabras clave:
Infarto adrenal
Síndrome antifosfolipídico
Insuficiencia adrenal

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