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Inicio Hipertensión y Riesgo Vascular Primary aldosteronism: Practical recommendations for treatment and follow-up
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Vol. 40. Issue 4.
Pages 215-221 (October - December 2023)
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Vol. 40. Issue 4.
Pages 215-221 (October - December 2023)
Review
Primary aldosteronism: Practical recommendations for treatment and follow-up
Hiperaldosteronismo primario: recomendaciones prácticas de tratamiento y seguimiento
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67
M. Araujo-Castroa,b,c,
Corresponding author
marta.araujo@salud.madrid.org

Corresponding author.
, E. Pascual-Corralesa,b, P. Martín Rojasd, P. Parra Ramírezd
a Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
b Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Spain
c University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
d Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz Madrid, Spain
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Table 1. Definitions of clinical and biochemical success of unilateral total adrenalectomy as defined by the Primary Aldosteronism Surgery Outcome group (PASO).
Table 2. Option of medical treatment for primary aldosteronism.
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Abstract

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary arterial hypertension. For unilateral cases, surgery offers the possibility of cure, with unilateral adrenalectomy being the treatment of choice, whereas bilateral forms of PA are treated mainly with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA). The goals of treatment for PA due to either unilateral or bilateral adrenal disease include reversal of the adverse cardiovascular effects of hyperaldosteronism, normalization of serum potassium in patients with hypokalemia, and normalization of blood pressure. The Primary Aldosteronism Surgery Outcome group (PASO) published a study defining clinical and biochemical outcomes based on blood pressure and correction of hypokalemia and aldosterone to renin ratio (ARR) levels for patients undergoing total unilateral adrenalectomy for unilateral PA. In this review, we provide several practical recommendations for the medical and surgical management and follow-up of patients with PA.

Keywords:
Primary aldosteronism
Adrenalectomy
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist
Spironolactone
Eplerenone
Resumen

El hiperaldosteronismo primario (HAP) es la causa más frecuente de hipertensión arterial secundaria. Para los casos unilaterales, la cirugía ofrece la posibilidad de curación, siendo la adrenalectomía unilateral el tratamiento de elección, mientras que las formas bilaterales de HAP se tratan principalmente con antagonistas del receptor de mineralocorticoides (ARM). Los objetivos del tratamiento del HAP debido a enfermedad suprarrenal unilateral o bilateral incluyen la reversión de los efectos cardiovasculares adversos del hiperaldosteronismo, la normalización del potasio sérico en pacientes con hipopotasemia y la normalización de la presión arterial. El grupo Primary Aldosteronism Surgery Outcome (PASO) publicó un estudio que define los resultados clínicos y bioquímicos en función de la presión arterial y la corrección de la hipopotasemia y los niveles del cociente aldosterona/renina (ARR) para pacientes sometidos a adrenalectomía unilateral total por HAP unilateral. En esta revisión ofrecemos varias recomendaciones prácticas para el manejo y el seguimiento médico-quirúrgico de los pacientes con HAP.

Palabras clave:
Hiperaldosteronismo primario
Suprarrenalectomía
Antagonista del receptor de mineralocorticoides
Espironolactona
Eplerenona

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