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Inicio Hipertensión y Riesgo Vascular Obesity and hypertension in Latin America: Current perspectives
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Vol. 35. Issue 2.
Pages 70-76 (April - June 2018)
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Vol. 35. Issue 2.
Pages 70-76 (April - June 2018)
Special article
Obesity and hypertension in Latin America: Current perspectives
Obesidad e hipertensión en Latinoamérica: Perspectivas actuales
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29
L.M. Ruilopea,b,c,
Corresponding author
ruilope@ad-hocbox.com

Corresponding author.
, A.C.B. Nunes Filhod, W. Nadruz Jre, F.F. Rodríguez Rosalesf, J. Verdejo-Parisf
a “Cátedra UAM de Epidemiología y Control del Riesgo Cardiovascular”, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
b Hypertension Unit, Institute of Research i+12: Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Group, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
c Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
d Department of Cardiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
e Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13081-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
f Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City, Mexico
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Table 1. Prevalence of central obesity in Brazil.14,17–20
Abstract

In the countries of Central America, South America and the Caribbean, there has been a dramatic rise in obesity, the metabolic syndrome, hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors in the last few decades. Epidemiological evidence highlights a consistent correlation between obesity and hypertension, and the presence of obesity predisposes an individual to a greater risk of hypertension although the mechanisms remain unclear. Obesity and hypertension are two key drivers of the cardio-renal disease continuum, and patients with uncontrolled cardiovascular risk in their mid-life will likely have an increased risk of clinical cardiovascular and renal outcomes in old age. This article summarizes the current status for the prevalence and consequences of obesity and hypertension in Latin America, with the aim of initiating a call to action to all stakeholders for greater implementation of primary prevention strategies, particularly in the young.

Keywords:
Obesity
Hypertension
Metabolic syndrome
Blood pressure
Latin America
Caribbean
Cardiovascular disease
Resumen

En los países centroamericanos, sudamericanos y caribeños se ha producido un incremento alarmante en cuanto a obesidad, síndrome metabólico, hipertensión y otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular en las últimas décadas. La evidencia epidemiológica destaca una correlación consistente entre obesidad e hipertensión, y la presencia de obesidad predispone al individuo a un mayor riesgo de hipertensión, aunque los mecanismos siguen siendo inciertos. La obesidad y la hipertensión son claros impulsores esenciales de las cifras reales de las enfermedades cardio-renales, y los pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular descontrolado en la mediana edad tendrán, con toda probabilidad, un riesgo incrementado de resultados clínicos cardiovasculares y renales en la vejez. Este artículo resume el estatus actual de la prevalencia y consecuencias de la obesidad e hipertensión en Latinoamérica, con el objetivo de iniciar una llamada a la acción a todos los participantes, de cara a implementar unas mayores estrategias de prevención primaria, especialmente en los jóvenes.

Palabras clave:
Obesidad
Hipertensión
Síndrome metabólico
Presión arterial
Latinoamérica
Caribe
Enfermedad cardiovascular

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