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Vol. 46. Issue 8.
Pages 621-627 (October 2023)
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Vol. 46. Issue 8.
Pages 621-627 (October 2023)
Original article
Impact of left atrial appendage closure in patients on anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation and recurrent or chronic gastrointestinal bleeding
Impacto del cierre de la orejuela izquierda en pacientes anticoagulados por fibrilación auricular y con sangrado gastrointestinal recurrente o crónico
Laura Gonzalez-Gonzaleza, Anna Calma, Míriam Mañosaa,d, Víctor Bazánb,c, Andrea Borrellasb,c, Xavier Carrillob,c, Felipe Bisbalb,c, Nuria Vallejob,c, Fiorella Cañetea,d, Margalida Calafata,d, Eugeni Domènecha,d,e,
Corresponding author
eugenidomenech@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
a Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
b Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
c Centro de Investivación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
d Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
e Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Figures (1)
Tables (4)
Table 1. Clinical and demographic characteristics of the patients (n=19). Results are expressed in absolute numbers (frequencies) and median (range).
Table 2. Aetiology of gastrointestinal bleeding (n=19). Results expressed in absolute numbers (frequencies).
Table 3. Clinical outcomes and use of healthcare resources before and after left atrial appendage closure.
Table 4. Summary of post-LAAC antiplatelet and anticoagulation strategies followed in our study. Results expressed in absolute numbers (frequencies) and percentages (%).
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Abstract
Background

Oral anticoagulation in non-valvular atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk of bleeding, particularly gastrointestinal bleeding, leading to treatment withdrawal in up to 50% of patients and putting them at risk of embolic events. Left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) can be an alternative to chronic anticoagulation. We aim to describe the impact of LAAC in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) or chronic iron deficiency anaemia (CIDA) on healthcare resources consumption.

Methods

Observational retrospective study of patients who underwent LAAC for GIB or CIDA at a single centre.

Results

Nineteen patients with a median age of 74 years and a median Charlson score of six points were included in the study. Angiodysplasias were the most frequent cause of GIB or CIDA. The procedural success rate of LAAC was 100% with a median anticoagulant and antiplatelet treatment duration of 92 days. One year after the LAAC, we found a significant improvement in the lowest haemoglobin concentration and a reduction in the number of red blood cells transfusion, hospital admissions due to GIB and CIDA and the number of endoscopic examinations. One patient died due to a pulmonary thromboembolism. No deaths related to GIB were observed.

Conclusions

LAAC seems to be a safe and effective alternative to anticoagulation in patients with GIB or CIDA.

Keywords:
Left atrial appendage closure
Atrial fibrillation
Anticoagulation
Chronic gastrointestinal bleeding
Resumen
Introducción

La anticoagulación oral en la fibrilación auricular no valvular se asocia a un incremento del riesgo de sangrado, especialmente gastrointestinal, lo que conlleva la retirada del tratamiento hasta en el 50% de los pacientes e implica un mayor riesgo de padecer un evento embólico. El cierre de la orejuela izquierda (COI) puede ser una alternativa a la anticoagulación crónica. Nuestro objetivo es describir el impacto del COI en pacientes con sangrado gastrointestinal (SGI) o anemia crónica ferropénica (ACF) en el consumo de recursos sanitarios.

Métodos

Estudio observacional retrospectivo de pacientes sometidos a COI por SGI o ACF.

Resultados

Diecinueve pacientes con una mediana de edad de 74años y una mediana del índice de Charlson de 6puntos fueron incluidos en el estudio. Las angiodisplasias fueron la causa más frecuente de SGI o ACF. La tasa de éxito técnico del COI fue del 100%, con una duración mediana del tratamiento anticoagulante y antiagregante de 92días. Tras un año del COI, se observó una mejoría significativa del valor mínimo de hemoglobina, así como una reducción en el número de transfusiones de concentrados de hematíes, en la necesidad de hospitalización por SGI o ACF y en el número de endoscopias. Un paciente falleció debido a un tromboembolismo pulmonar. Ningún paciente falleció por SGI.

Conclusiones

El COI parece una alternativa segura y efectiva a la anticoagulación en pacientes con SGI o ACF.

Palabras clave:
Cierre de la orejuela izquierda
Fibrilación auricular
Anticoagulación
Sangrado gastrointestinal crónico

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