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Journal Information
Vol. 61. Issue 3.
Pages 196-201 (January 2010)
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Vol. 61. Issue 3.
Pages 196-201 (January 2010)
Nasal packing in posterior epistaxis. Comparison of two methods
Taponamiento nasal en la epistaxis posterior. Comparación de dos métodos
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F. Javier García Callejo
Corresponding author
jgarciacall@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Noelia Muñoz Fernández, M. Teresa Achiques Martínez, Soledad Frías Moya-Angeler, M. José Montoro Elena, J. Marco Algarra
Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Article information
Abstract
Objective

To evaluate tolerance and efficiency of two nasal blocking systems for posterior refractory epistaxis.

Patients and methods

A five year comparative and longitudinal prospective study was developed in patients with epistaxis who attended our Emergency Unit and who required posterior nasal packing. Two groups were considered: one group was treated with a bi-chamber pneumatic inflation system (n=105). In the other one, posterior occlusion was carried out with gauze, accessing through the mouth and using nasal reinforcement (n=47). The tolerance was measured by means of an analogue scale of pain intensity during the placement and maintenance of the packing, as well as for the need of analgesia. The efficiency was evaluated by episodes of rebleeding, need for other concomitant measures, blood transfusion and side effects.

Results

In patients with inflatable nasal packing, its placement was significantly faster (36±19 s vs 228±102 s; P<.001) and less painful (6.7±1.7 vs 8.3±1.5; P<.001), requiring less analgesia until its removal. Patients with gauze packs showed a lower average incidence of rebleeding (17% vs 26%; P<.001), fewer cases of blood transfusion (15% vs 18%; P<.001) or of other procedures (4% vs 11%; P<.001). The health cost of the latter was also lower (€1,327±€202 vs €1,648±€318; P<.001) and it generated fewer short and long-term complications.

Conclusions

The classic posterior packing with gauze is less rapid and comfortable to adapt, but it ensures a higher success rate in the control of epistaxis, produces fewer local injuries and reduces health costs in comparison with inflatable balloon packing.

Keywords:
Epistaxis
Treatment
Packing
Resumen
Objetivo

Evaluar la tolerancia y eficacia de 2 sistemas de taponamiento nasal para epistaxis posteriores refractarias.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio comparativo longitudinal y prospectivo de 5 años en pacientes que acudieron a Urgencias por epistaxis y precisaron taponamiento posterior. Se consideraron 2 grupos: uno atendido con un sistema de hinchado neumático bicameral (n=105); otro en el que se efectuó oclusión posterior con gasa accediendo por boca y refuerzo anterior (n=47). La tolerancia se midió mediante escala analógica de intensidad dolorosa durante la colocación y mantenimiento del tapón, así como por necesidad de analgesia. La eficacia se valoró por índices de resangrado, necesidad de medidas concomitantes, transfusión de hemoderivados y efectos secundarios.

Resultados

En los pacientes con taponamiento hinchable la colocación fue significativamente más rápida (36±19 s vs. 228±102 s; p<0,001) y menos dolorosa (6,7±1,7 vs. 8,3±1,5; p<0,001), precisando menos analgesia hasta su retirada. El taponamiento de gasa presentó menor porcentaje de resangrados (17% vs. 26%; p<0,001), menos necesidades de transfusión de hemoderivados (15% vs. 18%; p<0,001) o de otros procedimientos (4% vs. 11%; p<0,001). El gasto sanitario con este último fue menor (1.327±202 € vs. 1.648±318 €; p<0,001) y generó menos complicaciones a corto y largo plazo.

Conclusiones

El taponamiento posterior clásico con gasa resulta menos cómodo y rápido de adaptar, pero asegura un mayor porcentaje de éxitos en control de epistaxis, genera menos lesiones locales y reduce costes sanitarios con respecto al neumotaponamiento.

Palabras clave:
Epistaxis
Tratamiento
Taponamiento

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