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Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular (English Edition) Revolutionizing prostate cancer treatment: PSMA-targeted therapy in modern thera...
Journal Information
Vol. 44. Issue 5.
(September - October 2025)
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8
Vol. 44. Issue 5.
(September - October 2025)
Continuing Education
Revolutionizing prostate cancer treatment: PSMA-targeted therapy in modern therapeutics
Revolucionando el tratamiento del cáncer de Próstata: la terapia dirigida al antígeno prostático específico en el enfoque moderno terapéutico
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8
A. Ricaurte-Fajardoa,b,1, V. Marulanda-Corzoa,1,
Corresponding author
, S. Ruderc, D.R. Cardoza-Ochoad, C.E. Granadose, D. Yadava, D. López-Delgadof, M. Fatimac, S. Dutruela, E. O’Dwyera, J.R. Osbornea, S.T. Tagawac, S. Huicochea Castellanosa
a Department of Radiology, Division of Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States
b Department of Neurosciences, Division of Neurology, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
c Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States
d Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States
e Functional Unit of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Luis Sarmiento Angulo Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Bogotá, Colombia
f Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Pasto, Colombia
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Key clinical trials with 177Lu-PSMA-617.
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Table 2. Clinical trials with new ligands and alternative radionuclides.
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Table 3. Comparison between beta and alpha emitters.
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Table 4. Summary of PSMA-TRT with beta and alpha emitters.
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Abstract

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radionuclide therapy has reshaped the treatment landscape for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), offering new therapeutic possibilities beyond conventional approaches. Among the most promising strategies is lutetium-177 PSMA-617, which has shown significant benefits in overall survival and durable PSA responses, as demonstrated in several clinical trials.

At the same time, the development of novel radionuclides such as actinium-225 has opened the door to more potent treatments capable of overcoming prior resistance, particularly in patients previously exposed to beta emitters. The use of PSMA PET imaging and the identification of predictive biomarkers have helped refine patient selection, contributing to a more personalized approach. Comparative studies with agents like cabazitaxel have further supported the safety and effectiveness of this strategy.

This article provides a critical overview of clinical advances in PSMA-targeted radionuclide therapy, examines emerging combination treatments, reviews the development of alpha-emitting agents, and highlights the role of personalized dosimetry in clinical practice, underlining the growing importance of this therapeutic modality across different stages of prostate cancer.

Keywords:
Advanced prostate cancer
PSMA
PET
Targeted therapy
Radionuclides 177Lu-PSMA-617
Resumen

La terapia de radionúclidos dirigida al antígeno prostático específico de membrana (PSMA) ha revolucionado el manejo del cáncer de próstata resistente a la castración metastásico (CPRCm), ofreciendo nuevas oportunidades terapéuticas más allá de los tratamientos convencionales. Entre las estrategias emergentes, destaca el uso de lutecio-177 PSMA-617, cuyo impacto en la supervivencia global y la reducción sostenida del antígeno prostático específico (PSA) ha sido ampliamente respaldado por múltiples ensayos clínicos.

Al mismo tiempo, el desarrollo de nuevos radionúclidos como el actinio-225 ha abierto el camino hacia terapias más potentes capaces de superar resistencias previas, en especial en pacientes previamente expuestos a emisores beta. La integración de herramientas de imagen como PSMA PET y la identificación de biomarcadores predictivos han permitido optimizar la selección de pacientes, haciendo posible una medicina más personalizada. Asimismo, estudios comparativos con agentes como cabazitaxel han fortalecido la evidencia de eficacia y seguridad de esta estrategia.

Este artículo revisa de manera crítica los avances clínicos en TRD-PSMA, las combinaciones terapéuticas más prometedoras, los desarrollos en emisores alfa y las implicaciones de la dosimetría personalizada en la práctica clínica actual, subrayando la relevancia creciente de esta modalidad terapéutica en diferentes estadios de la enfermedad.

Palabras clave:
Cáncer de próstata avanzado
PSMA
PET
Terapia dirigida
Radionúclidos177Lu-PSMA-617

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