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Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular (English Edition) 18F-choline PET/CT in the study of primary hyperparathyroidism: Evaluation of th...
Journal Information
Vol. 44. Issue 5.
(September - October 2025)
Visits
20
Vol. 44. Issue 5.
(September - October 2025)
Original Article
18F-choline PET/CT in the study of primary hyperparathyroidism: Evaluation of the technique, visual and semi-quantitative analysis and correlation with other imaging techniques
PET/TC con 18F-colina en el estudio del hiperparatiroidismo primario: Valoración de la técnica, análisis visual y semicuantitativo y correlación con otras técnicas de imagen
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E. Campaña Díaza,
Corresponding author
ecampana@saludcastillayleon.es

Corresponding authors.
, F. Gómez-Caminero Lópeza, J. Manuel Álvarez Pérezb, C. Montes Fuentesb, S. Rama Alonsoa, J. Ángel Badell Martíneza, P. García-Talavera San Miguelc,
Corresponding author
ptalavera@usal.es

Corresponding authors.
a Nuclear Medicine Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
b Department of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
c Nuclear Medicine Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Area of Radiology and Physical Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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Figures (2)
Tables (4)
Table 1. Concordance between PET images and other imaging techniques. Histological confirmation of the localization by imaging test.
Tables
Table 2. Percentage change in SUV values in early vs delayed imaging.
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Table 3. Semiquantitative analysis of P-SUVmax in early and delayed images.
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Table 4. ROC curve cutoff points.
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Abstract
Objective

To assess the usefulness of performing a dual-time-point protocol in the acquisition of 18F-choline (18F-FCH) PET/CT in the pre-surgical localization of PHPT, and to demonstrate the impact of this imaging technique on the management and outcome-based surgical decision making, compared to other imaging techniques. To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the test to discriminate between pathological parathyroid gland and cervical lymph node, as well as to establish its correlation with other imaging techniques (scintigraphy, ultrasound, CT and MRI).

Patients and methods

We included 39 patients who underwent surgery for PHPT, in whom dual-time-point 18F-FCH PET/CT was performed. Metabolic index of parathyroid (P-SUVmax; P-SUVpeak), lymph node (N-SUVpeak), thyroid (T-SUVpeak) and mediastinum (M-SUVpeak) uptake were analyzed visually and semiquantitatively in both images. PET/CT results were correlated with 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy, ultrasound, MRI and CT.

Results

In 36 patients (92%), PET/CT was positive, localizing 38 pathological glands. The sensitivity (S) of PET/CT was 97% and positive predictive value (PPV) 94%. In the visual analysis, dual-time-point protocol was necessary in 61% of the cases. Correlation between PET/CT with MRI was 80%, with 4D-CT 50%, and with the other techniques <50%. P-SUVmax shows correlation with adenoma weight and size, and with presurgical PTH. The best cutoff point for SUVpeak to differentiate parathyroid vs. lymph node was 2.6 in early images (S = 70%; specificity = 75%; p = 0.007) and 0.86 for SUVpeak/T-SUVpeak index (S = 73%; specificity = 69%; p = 0.001).

Conclusion

18F-FCH PET/CT is an excellent preoperative localization technique in patients with HPTP with negative, doubtful or inconclusive imaging techniques, being of vital importance in guiding minimally invasive surgery. The dual-time-point protocol was necessary in more than half of the cases (61%). The SUVpeak cut-off points to discriminate between parathyroid gland and lymph nodes were statistically significant.

Keywords:
18F-choline PET/CT
Dual-time-point
Primary hyperparathyroidism
18F-FCH
18F-fluorocholine
Resumen
Objetivos

Valorar la utilidad del "dual-time-point" en la adquisición de la PET/TC con 18F-colina (18F-FCH) en la localización prequirúrgica del HPTP, y demostrar el impacto de esta técnica de imagen en el manejo y toma de decisiones quirúrgicas basadas en su resultado, en comparación con otras técnicas de imagen. Evaluar el rendimiento diagnóstico de la prueba para discriminar entre glándula paratiroides patológica y ganglio linfático, así como establecer su correlación con otras técnicas de imagen (gammagrafía, ecografía, TC y RM).

Material y métodos

Se incluyeron 39 pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente por HPTP, a los que se realizó una PET/TC con 18F-FCH con el protocolo "dual-time-point". Se analizó visualmente y semicuatitativamente la captación y comportamiento de la paratiroides (P-SUVmax; P-SUVpico), ganglios linfaticos (N-SUVpico), tiroides (T-SUVpico) y mediastino (M-SUVpico) en ambas imágenes. Se correlacionaron los resultados de la PET/CT con los de la gammagrafía con 99mTc-MIBI, ecografía, RM y CT.

Resultados

En 36 pacientes (92%), la PET/TC fue positiva, localizando 38 glándulas patológicas. La sensibilidad (S) de la PET/TC fue del 97% y el valor predictivo positivo (VPP) del 94%. En el análisis visual, el protocolo "dual-time-point" fue necesario en el 61% de los casos. La correlación entre PET/TC y RM fue del 80%, con 4D-TC del 50%, y con las demás técnicas <50%. P-SUVmax muestra correlación con el peso y tamaño del adenoma, y con la PTH prequirúrgica. El mejor punto de corte de SUVpico para diferenciar paratiroides vs ganglio linfático fue 2,6 en imágenes precoces (S = 70%; especificidad = 75%; p = 0,007) y 0,86 para el índice SUVpico/T-SUVpico (S = 73%; especificidad = 69%; p = 0,001).

Conclusión

La PET/TC con 18F-FCH es una excelente técnica de localización prequirúrgica en pacientes con HPTP con técnicas de imagen negativas, dudosas o no concluyentes, siendo de vital importancia para guiar la cirugía mínimamente invasiva. El protocolo "dual-time-point", fue necesario en más de la mitad de los casos (61%). Los puntos de corte de SUVpico para discriminar entre glándula paratiroides y ganglios linfáticos fueron estadísticamente significativos.

Resumen:
18F-colina PET/TC
Dual-time-point
Hiperparatiroidismo primario
18F-FCH
18F-fluorocolina

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