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Inicio Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular (English Edition) Utility of single photon emission computed tomography–computed tomography in s...
Journal Information
Vol. 33. Issue 3.
Pages 129-135 (May - June 2014)
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Vol. 33. Issue 3.
Pages 129-135 (May - June 2014)
Original Article
Utility of single photon emission computed tomography–computed tomography in selective sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with melanoma
Utilidad de la tomografía de emisión de fotón único-tomografía computarizada en la biopsia selectiva del ganglio centinela en pacientes con melanoma
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R. Martínez Castilloa,
Corresponding author
rubenmaca@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, R. Fernández Lópeza, I. Acevedo Bañeza, R.M. Álvarez Péreza, D. García Solisa, R. Vázquez Albertinoa, P. Fernández Ortegab
a Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Unidad de Diagnóstico por la Imagen, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
b U.G. Cirugía Plástica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Characteristics of the patients and the melanomas.
Table 2. Additional information of the SPECT/CT to the planar scintigraphy according to the localization of the melanoma.
Table 3. List of the cases in which the SPECT/CT provided additional information.
Table 4. Lymph nodes visualized and removed according to the localization of the melanoma.
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Abstract
Objective

To assess the contribution of SPECT–CT lymphoscintigraphy in selective sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in patients with newly diagnosed malignant melanoma.

Material and methods

A prospective study was made between July 2009 and October 2010. It included 63 patients diagnosed with melanoma (32 men and 31 women) with mean age of 55 years (range: 25–88) and inclusion criteria for SLNB. The melanomas were located as follows: 28 in trunk, 5 in head and neck, 16 in upper limbs and 17 in lower limbs. Three patients had two melanomas. Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy was performed after pericicatricial/perilesional injection of 74MBq of 99mTc-labeled nanocolloid human serum albumin, obtaining early planar images, late whole body study and sectorial images and SPECT–CT in the area of interest. Planar scintigraphy findings were compared with SPECT–CT.

Results

The sentinel node (SN) was localized by planar imaging in 62/63 (98%) patients. SPECT–CT study located the SN in all the patients with a detection rate of 100%. The number of SNs detected with SPECT–CT was higher than that with the planar study in 27 patients. The SPECT–CT provided additional information (change in location and/or in its accuracy in the localization of location uncertain SN) in 14/63 (22.2%) patients, involving changes in the surgical approach and lymph node staging.

Conclusion

SPECT–CT detects a higher number of SN than planar lymphoscintigraphy in patients with melanoma. Its contribution is more relevant in the melanomas located on the trunk, head and neck. SPECT–CT modified the SN location by 22% compared to planar scan findings, facilitating a correct surgical approach.

Keywords:
Single photon emission computed tomography–computed tomography
Lymphoscintigraphy
Sentinel lymph node
Melanoma
Resumen
Objetivo

Evaluar la aportación de la linfogammagrafía con SPECT-TAC en la biopsia selectiva del ganglio centinela (BSGC) en pacientes con melanoma.

Material y métodos

Estudio prospectivo (julio de 2009 a octubre de 2010) incluyendo 63 pacientes diagnosticados de melanoma (32 hombres y 31 mujeres), con edad media de 55 años y criterios de inclusión de BSGC. La localización de los melanomas fue: 28 en el tronco, 5 en la cabeza y el cuello, 16 en los miembros superiores y 17 en los miembros inferiores. Tres pacientes presentaban 2 melanomas. Se realizó linfogammagrafía preoperatoria tras la inyección pericicatricial/perilesional de 74MBq de nanocoloide de albúmina humana marcada con 99mTc, obteniéndose imágenes planares precoces, estudio tardío de cuerpo completo, imágenes sectoriales y SPECT-TAC de la zona de interés. Se compararon los hallazgos de la gammagrafía planar y la SPECT-TAC.

Resultados

El ganglio centinela (GC) fue localizado mediante las imágenes planares en 62/63 (98%) pacientes. La SPECT-TAC localizó el GC en los 63 pacientes (100%). El número de GC detectados con SPECT-TAC fue superior al estudio planar en 27 pacientes. El estudio SPECT-TAC aportó información adicional (cambio de localización y/o precisión de la misma en GC de ubicación incierta) en 14/63 (22,2%) pacientes, implicando cambios en el abordaje quirúrgico y en la estadificación ganglionar.

Conclusión

La SPECT-TAC detecta mayor número de GC que la gammagrafía planar, siendo más relevante su aportación en los melanomas de tronco y cabeza y en los de cuello. En un 22% modificó la localización del GC respecto a los hallazgos de la gammagrafía planar, facilitando un correcto abordaje quirúrgico.

Palabras clave:
Tomografía de emisión de fotón único-tomografía computarizada
Linfogammagrafía
Ganglio centinela
Melanoma

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