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Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular (English Edition) Predicting complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advance...
Journal Information
Vol. 44. Issue 5.
(September - October 2025)
Vol. 44. Issue 5.
(September - October 2025)
Original Article
Predicting complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: The role of baseline volumetric 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters and inflammatory markers
Predicción de la respuesta completa a la quimiorradioterapia neoadyuvante en el cáncer rectal localmente avanzado: El papel de los parámetros volumétricos basales de 18F-FDG PET/TC y los marcadores inflamatorios
Gokmen Umut Erdema,
Corresponding author
gokmenumut.erdem@sbu.edu.tr

Corresponding author.
, Ozge Vural Topuzb, Esranur Acarb, Tanju Kapagana, Esma Yetima, Aykut Ozmena, Simay Gurocakc, Gamze Usuld, Sercan Yuksele, Aytul Hande Yardimcif, Nilufer Buluta
a Department of Medical Oncology, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
b Department of Nuclear Medicine, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
c Department of Radiation Oncology, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
d Department of Pathology, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
e Department of General Surgery, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
f Department of Radiology, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Tables (3)
Table 1. General characteristic of the patients.
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Table 2. Comparison of PET parameters and inflammatory prognostic markers based on pathological response status.
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Table 3. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors with regard to complete response.
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Abstract
Objectives

We evaluated the influence of baseline volumetric 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) parameters and inflammatory prognostic markers on complete response (CR) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT).

Materials and Methods

In total, 90 patients with LARC, including those with and without CR, were evaluated based on baseline volumetric PET/CT parameters, such as maximum standard uptake value, metabolic tumor volume (MTV), tumor lesion glycolysis, and inflammatory prognostic markers, including the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.

Results

Of the 90 patients, 62 (68.9%) were male and 28 (31.1%) were female. The median age was 61 (31–81) years. A complete response was observed in 20 (22%) patients following nCRT. Of these, 5 demonstrated a clinical complete response, whereas 15 exhibited a complete response after surgery. A low pretreatment PLR, low MTV levels, and stage 2 disease were identified as significant predictors of complete response. The optimal cutoff values were 16.5 for MTV (sensitivity 80%, specificity 62%) and 121 for PLR (sensitivity 73%, specificity 65%).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that stage 2 disease, low pretreatment MTV, and low PLR levels may be predictive of a CR to nCRT in patients with LARC.

Keywords:
Rectal cancer
Metabolic tumor volume
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio
PET/CT
Resumen
Objetivo

Evaluamos la influencia de los parámetros volumétricos basales de tomografía por emisión de positrones/tomografía computarizada con 18F-fluorodesoxiglucosa (18F-FDG PET/CT) y de los marcadores inflamatorios pronósticos en la respuesta completa (RC) en pacientes con cáncer de recto localmente avanzado (CRLA) tratados con quimiorradioterapia neoadyuvante (QRTn).

Materiales y métodos

En total, se evaluaron 90 pacientes con CRLA, incluidos aquellos con y sin RC, basándose en parámetros volumétricos basales de PET/CT, como el valor máximo de captación estandarizada, volumen tumoral metabólico (VTM), glucólisis tumoral total y marcadores inflamatorios pronósticos, incluyendo la relación linfocitos-monocitos, la relación plaquetas-linfocitos (RPL) y la relación neutrófilos-linfocitos.

Resultados

De los 90 pacientes, 62 (68,9%) eran hombres y 28 (31,1%) mujeres. La mediana de edad fue de 61 años (31-81). Se observó una respuesta completa en 20 pacientes (22%) después de la QRT. De estos, 5 mostraron una respuesta clínica completa, mientras que 15 presentaron una respuesta completa después de la cirugía. Se identificaron como predictores significativos de respuesta completa un RPL bajo antes del tratamiento, niveles bajos de VTM y enfermedad en estadio 2. Los valores de corte óptimos fueron 16,5 para el VTM (sensibilidad 80%, especificidad 62%) y 121 para el RPL (sensibilidad 73%, especificidad 65%).

Conclusión

Nuestros hallazgos sugieren que la enfermedad en estadio 2, un VTM bajo antes del tratamiento y niveles bajos de RPL pueden ser predictores de una RC a la QRTn en pacientes con CRLA.

Palabras clave:
Cáncer rectal
Volumen tumoral metabólico
Quimiorradioterapia neoadyuvante
Relación plaqueta-linfocito
18F-Fluorodeoxiglucosa-PET/TC

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