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Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Clinical spectrum and therapeutic strategies of fibromuscular dysplasia and segm...
Journal Information
Vol. 165. Issue 4.
(October 2025)
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Vol. 165. Issue 4.
(October 2025)
Original article
Clinical spectrum and therapeutic strategies of fibromuscular dysplasia and segmental arterial mediolysis: A cohort study
Espectro clínico y estrategias terapéuticas de la displasia fibromuscular y la mediolisis arterial segmentaria: un estudio de cohortes
Víctor Manuel Martínez-Castillaa,
Corresponding author
victormm1998.13@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Marina Valenzuela-Espejoa, Yaiza Díaz-Castilloa, Marta Bacete-Cebriána, Rubén Alonso-Beatoa,b,c, Arturo Álvarez-Luquec,d, Luís Antonio Álvarez-Sala Walthera,b,c, Francisco Galeano-Vallea,b,c
a Internal Medicine Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
b School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
c Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
d Department of Radiology, Division of Interventional Radiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
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Table 1. The baseline characteristics, presenting symptoms and imaging tests of the cohorts.
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Table 2. The treatments and outcomes of the cohorts.
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Abstract
Introduction

Segmental arterial mediolysis (SAM) and fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) are rare vasculopathies. Differentiating between them is difficult due to its similarities. The aim is to describe and compare the clinical characteristics, presenting symptoms, diagnostic tests, treatment, and outcomes.

Patients and methods

Single center retrospective review of patients diagnosed with FMD or SAM between 2016 and 2023.

Results

Four patients with SAM and 18 with FMD were included. SAM predominated in males with abdominal pain (75%), while FMD in young women (61.1%) with neurological manifestations (66.6%). Anticoagulation was the main treatment for SAM, and antiplatelet therapy for FMD. Surgical treatment was performed in 25% and 22.2%, while percutaneous intervention was performed in none and 27.7% of patient, respectively. During follow-up (median 3.4 years), mortality was similar in both groups (10%).

Conclusion

There are key differences in clinical presentation, management, and outcomes that may help guide the treatment of both conditions.

Keywords:
Fibromuscular dysplasia
Outcomes
Segmental arterial mediolysis
Resumen
Introducción

La mediolisis arterial segmentaria (MAS) y la displasia fibromuscular (DFM) son vasculopatías poco frecuentes. Diferenciarlas es difícil debido a sus similitudes. El objetivo es describir y comparar las características clínicas, los síntomas de presentación, las pruebas diagnósticas, el tratamiento y los resultados.

Pacientes y métodos

Revisión retrospectiva en un único centro de los pacientes diagnosticados de DFM o MAS entre 2016 y 2023.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 4 pacientes con MAS y 18 con DFM. La MAS predominó en varones con dolor abdominal (75%), mientras que la DFM lo hizo en mujeres jóvenes (61,1%) con manifestaciones neurológicas (66,6%). La anticoagulación fue el tratamiento principal para la MAS, y la terapia antiplaquetaria, para la DFM. El tratamiento quirúrgico se realizó en el 25% y el 22,2%, mientras que la intervención percutánea se realizó en ninguno y en el 27,7% de los pacientes, respectivamente. Durante el seguimiento (mediana de 3,4años), la mortalidad fue similar en ambos grupos (10%).

Conclusiones

Existen diferencias clave en la presentación clínica, el manejo y los resultados que pueden ayudar a guiar el tratamiento de ambas afecciones.

Palabras clave:
Displasia fibromuscular
Resultados
Mediolisis arterial segmentaria

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