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Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Direct oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists in patients with thrombo...
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Vol. 164. Issue 5.
Pages 232-235 (March 2025)
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Vol. 164. Issue 5.
Pages 232-235 (March 2025)
Brief report
Direct oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists in patients with thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome: A prospective observational analysis
Anticoagulantes orales directos frente a antagonistas de la vitamina K en pacientes con síndrome antifosfolípido trombótico: análisis observacional prospectivo
Pablo Demelo-Rodrígueza,b,c,
Corresponding author
pbdemelo@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Tatiana Pire-Garcíaa, Sergio Moragón-Ledesmaa,b,c, Lucía Ordieres-Ortegaa,b,c, Francisco Galeano-Vallea,b,c, Rubén Alonso-Beatoa,b,c
a Venous Thromboembolism Unit of Internal Medicine Department, General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
b School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain
c Sanitary Research Institute Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with APS.
Tables
Table 2. Logistic regression model for the study outcomes.
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Table 3. Logistic regression model for the study outcomes after excluding patients with triple-positive aPS.
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Abstract
Background

The role of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) versus vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome remains uncertain.

Methods

We conducted a prospective observational study on APS patients with VTE treated with VKAs or DOACs in a tertiary hospital from 2010 to 2023. Clinical characteristics, recurrent arterial or VTE events, and hemorrhagic complications were analyzed over a one-year follow-up.

Results

Fifty APS patients were included: 31 (62%) treated with VKAs and 19 (38%) with DOACs. Thrombotic recurrences occurred in 5 VKA patients (16.1%) and 3 DOAC patients (15.8%). Major bleeding occurred in 2 VKA patients (6.45%) and none in the DOAC group. There were no significant differences in thrombotic recurrence (OR 1.01; 95% CI: 0.19–5.46) or major bleeding (OR 1.09; 95% CI: 0.14–8.52) between groups.

Conclusion

In APS patients with VTE, DOACs showed similar rates of recurrent thrombosis and major bleeding compared to VKAs. Future studies should therefore focus on the role of DOACs in APS patients with varying clinical and serological profiles.

Keywords:
Antiphospholipid syndrome
Direct oral anticoagulants
Venous thromboembolism
Vitamin K antagonists
Resumen
Antecedentes

El papel de los anticoagulantes orales directos (ACOD) frente a los antagonistas de la vitamina K (AVK) en el tratamiento de la enfermedad tromboembólica (ETV) en pacientes con síndrome antifosfolípido (SAF) sigue siendo incierto.

Métodos

Realizamos un estudio observacional prospectivo en pacientes con SAF y ETV tratados con AVK o DOAC en un hospital terciario entre 2010 y 2023. Se analizaron características clínicas, eventos arteriales o ETV recurrentes y complicaciones hemorrágicas durante un año.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 50 pacientes con SAF: 31 tratados con AVK y 19 con ACOD. Se registraron recurrencias trombóticas en cinco pacientes con AVK y tres con ACOD, y hemorragias mayores en dos pacientes con AVK y en ninguno con ACOD. No hubo diferencias significativas en recurrencia trombótica (OR 1,01; IC 95%: 0,19-5,46) o hemorragia mayor (OR 1,09; IC 95%: 0,14-8,52).

Conclusión

En pacientes con SAF y ETV, los ACOD mostraron tasas similares de recurrencia de trombosis y hemorragia en comparación con los AVK. Futuros estudios deberían centrarse en el papel de los ACOD en pacientes con SAF con diferentes perfiles clínicos y serológicos.

Palabras clave:
Síndrome antifosfolípido
Anticoagulantes orales directos
Enfermedad tromboembólica venosa
Antagonistas de la vitamina K

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