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Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española Exploring DIAPH1 gene mutations in patients with sensorineural hearing loss of u...
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Vol. 76. Issue 5.
(September - October 2025)
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Vol. 76. Issue 5.
(September - October 2025)
Original article
Exploring DIAPH1 gene mutations in patients with sensorineural hearing loss of unknown etiology in Northern Spain
Exploración de las mutaciones del gen DIAPH1 en pacientes con pérdida auditiva neurosensorial de etiología desconocida en el norte de España
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Rocío González-Aguadoa,b,c, Aida Veiga-Alonsoa,b,
Corresponding author
aida.veiga@scsalud.es

Corresponding author.
, Esther Onecha-De La Fuented,e, Carmelo Morales-Anguloa,f,g
a Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Spain
b Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
c Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
d Department of Genetics, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
e Cellular Signaling and Therapeutic Targets In Cancer Laboratory, Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
f Head of the Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
g Cell Cycle, Stem Cell Fate and Cancer Laboratory, Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
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Table 1. Demographic, clinical and genetic characteristics of patients with a variant in the DIAPH1 gene.
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Abstract
Objective

To determine the prevalence of variants in the DIAPH1 gene among patients with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss of unknown etiology in northern Spain and to characterize the associated phenotype. As a secondary objective, this study aims to improve genetic counseling by linking genotype to phenotype through clinical characterization of variant carriers.

Patients and methods

A six-year observational descriptive study was conducted at a tertiary referral center. Patients with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss of unknown origin were evaluated using DNA sequencing through next-generation sequencing. A gene panel was utilized to identify pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in the DIAPH1 gene.

Results

Among 385 patients with SNHL, four (1%) harbored DIAPH1 variants. Two patients (0.5%) had pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants associated with macrothrombocytopenia and neutropenia (c.3586dupA, c.3575-3C>G), exhibiting early-onset, progressive bilateral SNHL, and vestibular abnormalities. One received a cochlear implant with good outcomes. Conclusions: Pathogenic variants in the DIAPH1 gene are rare among patients with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss of unknown etiology in northern Spain. These variants lead to bilateral SNHL with autosomal dominant inheritance. In our study, we identified two novel pathogenic DIAPH1 variants associated with macrothrombocytopenia, and also presenting neutropenia and vestibular involvement.

Keywords:
Chromosome disorders
Genes, dominant
Genetic algorithms
Hearing loss, sensorineural
Genomic structural variation
Resumen
Objetivo

Determinar la prevalencia de variantes en el gen DIAPH1 entre pacientes con hipoacusia neurosensorial bilateral de etiología desconocida en el norte de España y caracterizar el fenotipo asociado. Como objetivo secundario, este estudio busca mejorar el asesoramiento genético mediante la vinculación del genotipo con el fenotipo a través de la caracterización clínica de los portadores de variantes.

Pacientes y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de seis años en un centro de referencia terciario. Se evaluaron pacientes con hipoacusia neurosensorial bilateral de origen desconocido mediante secuenciación de ADN a través de secuenciación de nueva generación. Se utilizó un panel de genes para identificar variantes patogénicas o probablemente patogénicas en el gen DIAPH1.

Resultados

Entre 385 pacientes con hipoacusia neurosensorial, cuatro (1%) presentaban variantes enDIAPH1. Dos pacientes (0,5%) tenían variantes patogénicas o probablemente patogénicas asociadas con macro trombocitopenia y neutropenia (c.3586dupA, c.3575-3C>G), mostrando hipoacusia neurosensorial bilateral progresiva de inicio temprano y alteraciones vestibulares. Uno de ellos recibió un implante coclear con buenos resultados.

Conclusiones

Las variantes patogénicas en el genDIAPH1 son poco frecuentes entre pacientes con hipoacusia neurosensorial bilateral de etiología desconocida en el norte de España. Estas variantes causan hipoacusia neurosensorial bilateral con herencia autosómica dominante. En nuestro estudio, identificamos dos variantes patogénicas nuevas en DIAPH1, asociadas con macro trombocitopenia, además de presentar neutropenia y afectación vestibular.

Palabras clave:
Trastornos cromosómicos
Genes dominantes
Algoritmos genéticos
Hipoacusia neurosensorial
Variación estructural del genoma

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