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Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular (English Edition) The relationship between immunohistochemical parameters, bone marrow fibrosis an...
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Vol. 42. Issue 5.
Pages 281-352 (September - October 2023)
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Vol. 42. Issue 5.
Pages 281-352 (September - October 2023)
Original Article

The relationship between immunohistochemical parameters, bone marrow fibrosis and bone marrow 18F-FDG uptake in multiple myeloma patients undergoing PET/CT examination

La relación entre los parámetros inmunohistoquímicos, la fibrosis de la médula ósea y la captación de 18F-FDG en la médula ósea en pacientes con mieloma múltiple sometidos a examen PET/TC
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Ali Ozan Onera,
Corresponding author
draliozanoner@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Çiğdem Özdemirb, Filiz Yavaşoğluc, Yiğit Şenold, Sena Naz Adsızb
a Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
b Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
c Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
d Public Health Services, Afyonkarahisar Provincial Health Directorate, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Abstract
Purpose

The aim of this study was to determine the power of the SUVmax value obtained from 18F-FDG PET/CT in multiple myeloma (MM) patients to be able to predict immunophenotype characteristics (CD20, CD44, CD56, CD117, CD138 antigen expressions), bone marrow fibrosis, cyclin D1 oncogene, and M-protein subtypes which play a role in diagnosis-treatment and prognosis of the disease.

Material and method

The study included 54 patients with multiple myeloma who underwent PET/CT for initial staging and bone marrow biopsy. The relationship was examined in these patients between the SUVmax value measured from the iliac bone region and the immunohistochemical and bone marrow fibrosis data of the biopsy taken from the iliac bone. The Mann Whitney U test was used in the comparisons of dependent paired groups, and the Kruskal Wallis H test in the comparisons of three or more groups.

Results

The median SUVmax value was 4.5 (1.9−15.6) in patients with CD117 antigen positivity, which was statistically significantly higher than the value in the patients with CD117 negativity (p = 0.031). When patient grouping was made according to the reticulin level; we found that the median SUVmax value was 4.9 (3.0−14.8) in the group with increased fibrosis and 3.6 (1.6−15.6) in the group with low fibrosis. The median SUVmax was statistically significantly higher in the group with increased fibrosis compared to the group with low fibrosis (p = 0.004). No statistically significant difference was determined in the comparisons of the SUVmax values when the patients were grouped according to the immunoglobulin heavy chain and light chain, CD20, CD44, CD56, and cyclin D1 characteristics (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

In MM patients who underwent PET/CT for initial staging, significant relationships were determined between FDG uptake in the bone marrow (SUVmax) and CD117 antigen and bone marrow fibrosis, which is an important prognostic factor. Higher SUVmax values were determined in the bone marrow of patients with increased fibrosis and CD117 positivity.

Keywords:
Multiple myeloma
PET/CT
Bone marrow fibrosis
Immunohistochemical parameters
Resumen
Propósito

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el poder del valor de SUVmax obtenido de 18F-FDG PET/TC en pacientes con mieloma múltiple (MM) para poder predecir las características del inmunofenotipo (expresiones de antígenos CD20, CD44, CD56, CD117, CD138), fibrosis de la médula ósea, oncogén ciclina D1 y subtipos de proteína M que juegan un papel en el diagnóstico-tratamiento y pronóstico de la enfermedad.

Material y Método

Se incluyeron en el estudio 54 pacientes con mieloma múltiple a los que se les realizó PET/TC para estadificación inicial y biopsia de médula ósea. En estos pacientes se examinó la relación entre el valor de SUVmax medido en la región del hueso ilíaco y los datos inmunohistoquímicos y de fibrosis de la médula ósea de la biopsia tomada del hueso ilíaco. Se utilizó la prueba U de Mann Whitney en las comparaciones de grupos pareados dependientes y la prueba H de Kruskal Wallis en las comparaciones de tres o más grupos.

Resultados

El valor medio de SUVmax fue de 4,5 (1,9–15,6) en pacientes con antígeno CD117 positivo, que fue estadísticamente significativamente superior al valor de los pacientes con CD117 negativo (p = 0.031). Cuando la agrupación de pacientes se hizo según el nivel de reticulina; Encontramos que la mediana del valor de SUVmax fue de 4,9 (3,0−14,8) en el grupo con mayor fibrosis y de 3,6 (1,6–15,6) en el grupo con poca fibrosis. La mediana de SUVmax fue significativamente mayor desde el punto de vista estadístico en el grupo con mayor fibrosis en comparación con el grupo con baja fibrosis (p = 0.004). No se determinó diferencia estadísticamente significativa en las comparaciones de los valores de SUVmax cuando los pacientes se agruparon según las características de cadena pesada y cadena ligera de inmunoglobulina, CD20, CD44, CD56 y ciclina D1 (p > 0.05).

Conclusión

En pacientes con MM a los que se les realizó PET/TC para la estadificación inicial, se determinaron relaciones significativas entre la captación de FDG en la médula ósea (SUVmax) y el antígeno CD117 y la fibrosis de la médula ósea, que es un factor pronóstico importante. Se determinaron valores de SUVmax más altos en la médula ósea de pacientes con fibrosis aumentada y positividad para CD117.

Palabras clave:
Mieloma múltiple
PET/TC
Fibrosis de médula ósea
Parámetros inmunohistoquímicos

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