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Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular (English Edition) Justification and impact of SPECT ¹²³I-FP-CIT use in the differential diagnos...
Journal Information
Vol. 44. Issue 4.
(July - August 2025)
Vol. 44. Issue 4.
(July - August 2025)
Original Article
Justification and impact of SPECT ¹²³I-FP-CIT use in the differential diagnosis and management of movement disorders (MD) in a national referral hospital
Justificación e impacto del uso del SPECT 123I-FP-CIT en el diagnóstico diferencial y manejo de los trastornos del movimiento (TM) en un hospital de referencia nacional
L. Canales Rodrígueza,
Corresponding author
lucia.canales@salud.madrid.org

Corresponding author.
, M. Mitjavila Casanovasa, S. Ruiz Solísb
a Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
b Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Distribution of the justification for a 123I-FP-CIT SPECT study according to clinical guidelines.
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Table 2. Proposal of recommendations for accepting or not accepting a 123I- FP-CIT SPECT study.
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Table 3. Clinical diagnoses before and after 123I-FP-CIT SPECT and impact on the diagnosis and management.
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Table 4. Change in management based on the justification of the request for 123I-FP-CIT SPECT.
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Abstract

123I-FP-CIT SPECT is a key tool in the differential diagnosis of movement disorders (MD), but its appropriate indication is essential to optimize resources and avoid unnecessary tests.

Aim

To evaluate the adequacy and impact of 123I-FP-CIT SPECT in the diagnosis and management of MD according to clinical guidelines.

Patients and methods

Retrospective study involving 249 patients with suspected parkinsonism (PK) of uncertain origin. All underwent 123I-FP-CIT SPECT and had a clinical follow-up of exceeding 12 months. Requests were classified based on their adherence to clinical guidelines. Variables analyzed included sex, age, justification for the request, management after SPECT, and final diagnosis.

Results

91.57% of the requests were appropriate, while 8.43% did not adhere to the guidelines. Diagnosis changed in 48.6% of cases and management in 70.68% after the scan, especially in inconclusive cases and initiation of therapy. General neurologists evaluated more cases and made more appropriate requests (96.3% vs 76.67%; p<0.001). However, MD specialists, despite less appropriate use of the guidelines, achieved a higher number of conclusive diagnoses in complex cases.

Conclusion

123I-FP-CIT SPECT has significant clinical impact when used in accordance with clinical guidelines, improving the diagnosis and management of MD. Unjustified scans reduce its utility. Collaboration between general neurologists and MD specialists is fundamental; the latter, although showing less adherence to guidelines in requesting the test, achieve a higher number of conclusive diagnoses in complex cases.

Keywords:
123I-FP-CIT SPECT
Movement disorders
Neurodegenerative Parkinsonism
Differential diagnosis
Clinical guidelines
Clinical management optimization
Resumen
Introducción

El SPECT 123I-FP-CIT es una herramienta clave en el diagnóstico diferencial de los trastornos del movimiento (TM), pero su correcta indicación es esencial para optimizar recursos y evitar pruebas innecesarias. Objetivo: Evaluar la adecuación y el impacto del SPECT 123I-FP-CIT en el diagnóstico y manejo de los TM según guías clínicas.

Metodología

Estudio retrospectivo en 249 pacientes con sospecha de parkinsonismo (PK) de origen incierto. Se les realizó SPECT 123I-FP-CIT y todos cumplieron seguimiento clínico superior a 12 meses. Las solicitudes se clasificaron según su adecuación a guías clínicas. Se analizaron variables: sexo, edad, justificación de la solicitud, manejo tras SPECT y diagnóstico final.

Resultados

El 91,57% de las solicitudes fueron apropiadas y el 8,43% no se ajustaron a las guías. El diagnóstico cambió en el 48,6% y el manejo en 70,68% tras la exploración, especialmente en casos no concluyentes y en inicio de terapia. Los neurólogos generales evaluaron más casos y realizaron más solicitudes apropiadas (96,3% vs 76,67%; p<0,001). Sin embargo, los especialistas en TM, a pesar de un uso menos apropiado de la prueba, lograron un mayor número de diagnósticos concluyentes en casos complejos.

Conclusión

El SPECT 123I-FP-CIT tiene un impacto clínico significativo cuando se utiliza conforme a guías clínicas, mejorando el diagnóstico y manejo de los TM. Las exploraciones no justificadas reducen su utilidad. La colaboración entre neurólogos generales y especialistas en TM es fundamental; estos últimos, aunque muestran menor adherencia a las guías en la solicitud de la prueba, alcanzan mayor número de diagnósticos concluyentes en casos complejos.

Palabras clave:
SPECT123I-FP-CIT
Trastornos del movimiento
Parkinsonismo neurodegenerativo
Diagnóstico diferencial
Guías clínicas
Optimización manejo clínico

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