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Inicio Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (English Edition) Survivorship of uncemented PE/metal acetabular components in young patients. Pro...
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Vol. 53. Núm. 2.
Páginas 83-89 (marzo - abril 2009)
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Vol. 53. Núm. 2.
Páginas 83-89 (marzo - abril 2009)
Original papers
Acceso a texto completo
Survivorship of uncemented PE/metal acetabular components in young patients. Prospective study with an 8-13 year follow-up
Supervivencia del componente acetabular no cementado con par polietileno-metal en pacientes jóvenes: estudio prospectivo con seguimiento de 8 a 13 años
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1333
J. Sanz Reig
Autor para correspondencia
jsanzre@secot.es

Corresponding author.
, A. Lizaur Utrilla, J. Plazaola Gutiérrez, R. Cebrián Gómez
Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Elda General Hospital, Elda, Alicante, Spain
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Abstract
Introduction

Although young patients with total hip prostheses are known to have a greater functional demand, there are few prospective studies on uncemented cups with a metal/polyethylene (PE) bearing surface.

Purpose

To assess the outcome and the survivorship of acetabular components in young patients with a minimum 8-year follow-up, as well as the factors leading to cup mechanical failure.

Materials and methods

Prospective study of 42 primary uncemented total hip arthroplasties with a metal/PE bearing surface, in 34 patients with a mean age of 52.5 years (range: 28-60), and initial diagnosis of primary osteoarthritis in 61% of cases. The Harris score was used for the functional assessment. Digitalized radiographs and computer image analysis were used to study the positioning and the incorporation of the components, as well as PE wear rates.

Results

Mean postoperative follow-up was 11 years (range: 8-13). Functionally, 36 cases (85.7%) had a satisfactory outcome. Radiologically there was one case of stem instability and 4 cases of acetabular instability, which had to be revised; there was also one case of a deep infection. Thirty-one cases (73.8%) showed some degree of PE wear, with a mean annual linear loss of 0.20 ± 0.09 mm. Aggregate PE survivorship at 11 years was 25% (95% CI: 37.1-64.5). The wear was more intense in the younger patients (p=0.05), in the more obese ones (p = 0.04) and in verticalized cups (p=0.01); no statistically significant relationship was found (p>0.05) with gender, previous diagnosis, neck length or use of acetabular screws. The cases with the greatest wear showed a higher incidence of periacetabular osteolysis (p=0.001).

Conclusions

Although the percentage of satisfactory results has been acceptable, the high incidence of survivorship-shortening PE wear would seem to preclude the use o fan uncemented metal/PE acetabular component in patients younger than 60 years of age, especially if they are obese.

Keywords:
Hip. Wear
Polyethylene
Uncemented total arthroplasty
Proximal porous coating
Resumen
Introducción

los jóvenes con prótesis totales de cadera presentan una mayor demanda funcional, a pesar de lo cual son escasos los estudios prospectivos sobre cotilos no cementados con par de fricción metal-polietileno.

Objetivo

evaluar los resultados y supervivencia del componente acetabular en pacientes jóvenes con seguimiento mínimo de 8 años, así como los factores que influyen en su fallo mecánico.

Material y método

estudio prospectivo de 42 prótesis totales de cadera primarias no cementadas y par de fricción metal-polietileno, en 34 pacientes con media de edad de 52,5 (intervalo, 28-60) años, y diagnóstico inicial de artrosis primaria en el 61%. Para la valoración funcional se empleó la escala de Harris. Radiológicamente se estudió la posición y la integración de los componentes y el desgaste del polietileno sobre radiografías digitalizadas y análisis informático de imágenes.

Resultados

El seguimiento postoperatorio medio fue de 11 (8-13) años. Funcionalmente hubo 36 (85,7%) casos de resultado satisfactorio. Radiológicamente hubo 1 caso de inestabilidad del vástago y 4 acetabular que requirieron revisión quirúrgica, así como otro caso de infección profunda. Algún grado de desgaste de polietileno se detectó en 31 (73,8%) casos con una pérdida lineal media anual de 0,270,09 mm. La supervivencia acumulada del polietileno fue a los 11 años del 25% (intervalo de confianza del 95%, 37,1- 64,5). Dicho desgaste fue mayor en los más jóvenes (p = 0,05), más obesos (p = 0,04) y en cotilos verticalizados (p = 0,01); no hubo relación significativa (p40,05) con el sexo, diagnóstico previo, longitud del cuello ni colocación de tornillos acetabulares. Los casos con mayor desgaste presentaron mayor incidencia de osteólisis periacetabular (p = 0,001).

Conclusiones

aunque el porcentaje de resultados satisfactorios ha sido aceptable, la gran incidencia de desgaste del polietileno que acorta su supervivencia desaconseja utilizar un componente acetabular no cementado con par polietileno-metal en pacientes de menos de 60 años de edad, sobre todo si son obesos.

Palabras clave:
Cadera
Desgaste
Polietileno
Artroplastia total no cementada
Recubrimiento poroso proximal
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