Buscar en
Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica
Toda la web
Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Factores de riesgo asociados a infecciones por Klebsiella pneumoniae resistentes...
Información de la revista
Vol. 21. Núm. 2.
Páginas 72-76 (Febrero 2003)
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 21. Núm. 2.
Páginas 72-76 (Febrero 2003)
Acceso a texto completo
Factores de riesgo asociados a infecciones por Klebsiella pneumoniae resistentes a ceftacidima
Risk factors associated with ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infection
Visitas
14300
Joaquín Bermejoa,1
Autor para correspondencia
jbermejo@infovia.com.ar

Correspondencia: Dr. J. Bermejo. Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Español. Sarmiento, 3150. 2000 Rosario. Argentina
, Patricia Lesnaberesa, Nora Arnesib, Mariano Gianelloa, Rodolfo Notarioc, Noemí Bordac, Telma Gambandéc, Blanca Bencomod
a Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas
b Departamento de Estadíica
c Servicios de Microbiología
d Farmacia. Hospital Español Rosario. Argentina
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Introducción

Los factores de riesgo asociados a las infecciones debidas a Klebsiella pneumoniae resistentes a ceftacidima (CAZ-R) pueden variar entre las instituciones y en el tiempo. El conocimiento de factores propios son de relevancia para adecuar los programas de control de infecciones de los diferentes hospitales.

Métodos

Se utilizó estudio de casos y controles para investigar los asociados a las infecciones debidas a K. pneumoniae CAZ-R. Se compararon 32 casos con 28 controles ingresados en un hospital general de 200 camas y complejidad intermedia, durante los años 1999 y 2000.

Resultados

En el análisis univariado el aislamiento de K. pneumoniae CAZ-R se asoció significativamente con la adquisición nosocomial (odds ratio [OR], 17,40), uso previo de antibióticos (OR, 14,94) especialmente ciprofloxacino (OR, 5) y el tiempo ingreso-muestra superior a 6 días (OR, 6,72). Al aplicar regresión logística sólo alcanzaron significación la adquisición nosocomial (OR, 9,29), el uso previo de antibióticos (OR, 6,21) y particularmente el uso de ciprofloxacino (OR, 10,84).

Conclusiones

Nuestro hospital debe realizar esfuerzos tendientes a reducir el consumo de antibióticos, sobre todo ciprofloxacino, junto con otras medidas de control de infecciones como estrategia para reducir la prevalencia de K. pneumoniae CAZ-R.

Palabras clave:
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Betalactamasa de espectro extendido
Factores de riesgo
Introduction

Risk factors associated with ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CAZ-R Kp)infection may vary among hospitals and in the same hospital at different time points. Knowledge of these factors is required to establish suitable infection control programs.

Methods

A case-control study was conducted to assess risk factors for CAZ-R Kp infection. Thirty-two cases were compared with 28 controls admitted to a 200-bed general hospital during 1999 and 2000.

Results

In the univariate analysis Kp CAZ-R isolates were significantly associated with nosocomial acquisition(OR = 17.40), prior antibiotic use (OR = 14.94), particularly ciprofloxacin use (OR = 5), and hospitalization stay of more than 6 days (OR = 6.72). Significantly associated variables in the logistic regression analysis included nosocomial acquisition (OR = 9.29), prior antibiotic use(OR = 6.21), and particularly, ciprofloxacin use (OR = 10.84).

Conclusions

Efforts toward more rational overall antibiotic use and particularly ciprofloxacin use, combined with infection control measures are necessary to decrease the prevalence of CAZ-R Kp in our hospital.

Key words:
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase
Risk factors
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
D. Sirot, J. Sirot, R. Labia, A. Moraud, P. Courvalin, A. Darfeuille-Michaud, et al.
Transferable resistanceto third generation cephalosporins in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae: Identification of CTX-1, a novel beta-lactamase.
J Antimicrob Chemother, 20 (1987), pp. 323-334
[2.]
C. Brun-Buisson, P. Legrand, A. Philippon, F. Montravers, M. Ansquer, J. Dural.
Transferable enzymatic resistance to third-generation cephalosporins during nosocomial outbreak of multiresistant Klebsiellapneumoniae.
Lancet, 2 (1987), pp. 302-306
[3.]
A.D. Harris, T.B. Karchmer, Y. Carmeli, M. Samore.
Methodological principles of case-control studies that analyzed risk factors for antibiotic resistance: A systematic review.
Clin Infect Dis, 32 (2001), pp. 1055-1061
[4.]
D.A. Schiappa, M.K. Hayden, M.G. Matushek, F.N. Hashemi, J. Sullivan, K.Y. Smith, et al.
Ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli bloodstream infection: A case-control and molecular epidemiologic investigation.
J Infect Dis, 17 (1996), pp. 529-536
[5.]
C. Peña, M. Pujol, A. Ricart, C. Ardanuy, J. Ayats, J. Liñares, et al.
Risk factors for faecal carriage of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL-KP) in the intensive care unit.
J Hosp Infect, 35 (1997), pp. 9-16
[6.]
A. Asensio, A. Oliver, P. González-Diego, F. Baquero, J.C. Pérez-Díaz, P. Ros, et al.
Outbreak of amultiresistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain in an intensive care unit: Antibiotic use as risk factorfor colonization and infection.
Clin Infect Dis, 30 (2000), pp. 55-60
[7.]
C. Arpin, A.M. Rogues, S. Kabouche, G. Boulard, C. Quesnel, J.P. Gachie, et al.
Prospective survey of colonization and infection caused by SHV-4 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a neurosurgical intensive care unit.
Epidemiol Infect, 124 (2000), pp. 401-408
[8.]
J. Wiener, J.P. Quinn, P.A. Bradford, R.V. Goering, C. Nathan, K. Bush, et al.
Multiple antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella and Escherichia coli in nursing homes.
JAMA, 281 (1999), pp. 517-523
[9.]
J.J. Farmer III.
Enterobacteriaceae: Introduction and identification.
pp. 438-449
[10.]
National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. M100-S12. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Wayne, Pennsylvania, 2002
[11.]
P. Legrand, G. Fournier, A. Bure, V. Jarlier, M.H. Nicolás, D. Decre, et al.
Detection of extended broad-spectrum beta-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae in four french hospitals.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis, 8 (1989), pp. 527-529
[12.]
J.S. Garner, W.R. Jarvis, T.G. Emori, T.C. Horau, J.M. Hughes.
Center for Diseases Control definitions for nosocomial infections, 1988.
Am J Infect Control, 16 (1988), pp. 128-140
[13.]
E. Lautenbach, J.B. Patel, W.B. Bilker, P.H. Edelstein, N.O. Fishman.
Extended-spectrum(β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae: Risk factors for infection andimpact of resistance on outcomes.
Clin Infect Dis, 32 (2001), pp. 1162-1171
[14.]
K.S. Meyer, C. Urban, J.A. Eagan, B.J. Berger, J.J. Rohal.
Nosocomial outbreaks of Klebsiella infection resistant to late-generation cephalosporins.
Ann Intern Med, 119 (1993), pp. 353-358
[15.]
L.B. Rice, S.H. Willey, G.A. Papanicolau, A.A. Medeiros, G.M. Eliopoulos, R.C. Moellering, et al.
Outbreakof ceftazidime resistance caused by extended spectrum beta-lactamases at a Massachusetts chronic-case facility.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 34 (1990), pp. 2193-2199
[16.]
L. Naumovski, J.P. Quinn, D. Miyashiro, M. Patel, K. Bus, S.B. Singer, et al.
Outbreak of ceftazidimem resistance due to novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamasas in isolates from cancer patients.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 36 (1992), pp. 1991-1996
[17.]
M. Casewell, I. Phillips.
Hands as a route of transmission for Klebsiella species.
BMJ, 2 (1977), pp. 1315-1317
[18.]
R. Selden, S. Lee, W.L. Wang, J.V. Bennett, T.C. Eickhoff.
Nosocomial Klebsiella infections: Intestinal colonization as a reservoir.
Ann Intern Med, 74 (1971), pp. 657-664
[19.]
J.C. Lucet, S. Chevret, D. Vanjak, D. Decre, A. Macrez, J.P. Bedos, et al.
Risk factors for acquiring extended-spectrum beta-lactamases Enterobacteriaceae in ICU. 1992. Abstract 637. Program and Abstract of the 32nd Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, (1992),
[20.]
L. Piroth, H. Aube, J.M. Doise, M. Vincent-Martin.
Spread of extended-spectrumbeta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: Are beta-lactamase inhibitors of therapeutic value?.
Clin Infect Dis, 27 (1998), pp. 81-83
[21.]
C. Peña, M. Pujol, C. Ardanuy, A. Ricart, R. Pallarés, J. Liñares, et al.
Epidemiology and succesful controlof a large outbreak due to Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 42 (1998), pp. 53-58
[22.]
J.E. Patterson, T.C. Hardin, C.A. Kelly, R. García, J.H. Jorgensen.
Association of antibiotic utilizationmeasures and control of multiple-drug resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, 21 (2000), pp. 455-458
[23.]
D.L. Paterson, L. Mulazimoglu, J.M. Casellas, W.C. Ko, H. Goosens, A. Von Gottberg, et al.
Epidemiologyof ciprofloxacin resistance and its relationship to extended spectrum beta lactamase production in K.pneumoniae isolates causing bacteremia.
Clin Infect Dis, 30 (2000), pp. 473-478
[24.]
P. Courvalin, P. Trieu-Cuot.
Minimizing potencial resistance: The molecular view.
Clin Infect Dis, 33 (2001), pp. S138-S146
[25.]
L. Martínez-Martínez, A. Pascual, G.A. Jacoby.
Quinolone resistance from a transferable plasmid.
Copyright © 2003. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
Opciones de artículo
Herramientas
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos