Información del artículo
Hay multitud de estudios epidemiológicos que asocian el consumo de dietas ricas en productos de origen animal con la génesis del cáncer, pero que no tienen en cuenta, a la hora de recoger y analizar los datos, el efecto que pudieran tener los hidratos de carbono de la dieta y las alteraciones presentes en el metabolismo de la glucosa, que pueden ser importantes sesgos de confusión. Esto se debe a que se ha comprobado que factores relacionados con los hidratos de carbono y el metabolismo de la glucosa, como la contribución energética de los hidratos de carbono, el índice glucémico y la carga glucémica de los alimentos ingeridos así como la glucemia y la insulinemia, tanto en ayunas como tras una sobrecarga oral con glucosa, pueden estar asociados al riesgo de desarrollar muchos tipos de cáncer, por lo que deberían tenerse en cuenta en la recogida e interpretación de la información epidemiológica.
Palabras clave:
Cáncer
Tumor
Dieta
Hidratos de carbono
Glucosa
Índice glucémico
Carga glucémica
Insulina
Resistencia insulínica
IGF-1
Many epidemiological studies have linked a high intake of animal products with the genesis of cancer. However, when collecting and analyzing data, these studies do not take into account the possible effects of dietary carbohydrates and glucose metabolism abnormalities, which are important confounding variables that could be important diases. Factors related to carbohydrates and glucose metabolism, such as the energetic contribution of carbohydrates, the glycemic index and glycemic load, fasting glycemia and insulinemia, as well as glucose and insulin levels after oral glucose load, are associated with the risk of developing many types of cancer. Therefore, these factors should be kept in mind when collecting and interpreting epidemiologic information.
Key words:
Cancer
Tumor
Diet
Carbohydrates
Glucose
Glycemic index
Glycemic load
Insulin
Insulin resistance
IGF-1
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