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Vol. 70. Núm. 1.
Páginas 6-12 (Julio 2001)
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Vol. 70. Núm. 1.
Páginas 6-12 (Julio 2001)
Acceso a texto completo
Valor pronóstico de la pérdida de heterozigosidad en la región 9p21 en el carcinoma broncogénico no microcítico
Prognostic value of loss of heterozygosity at chromosome 9p21 in nonsmall cell bronchogenic carcinoma
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M.T. Sanz-Casla1,*, M.L. Maestro*, A. Godino*, I. Zanna*, A. Torres**, J.L. Balibrea**
* Servicios de Análisis Clínicos
** Cirugía II. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Madrid
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Resumen

La importancia sociosanitaria del cáncer de pulmón radica en su elevada incidencia y mortalidad. En la actualidad se considera el cáncer como el resultado de una acumulación de alteraciones que afectan a diversos genes con distintas funciones celulares. Diversos estudios genéticos han demostrado una pérdida de material genético en la región 21 del brazo corto del cromosoma 9 (9p21), siendo una de las alteraciones genéticas más frecuentemente identificadas en el cáncer humano. Esta región contiene un gen supresor llamado p16, que codifica las proteínas p16 y p19.

Se estudió una serie de 98 pacientes diagnosticados de carcinoma de pulmón no microcítico. Se analizó la pérdida de heterozigosidad (LOH) en 9p21 mediante el análisis de polimorfismos de microsatélites. El 23,5% de los pacientes presentaba LOH y/o inestabilidad en 9p21. Contrariamente a lo que se esperaba, los pacientes que no presentaban alteraciones genéticas en p16 tenían un riesgo relativo de fallecer 1,7 veces mayor (p = 0,1) que los que sí presentaban LOH y/o inestabilidad.

Palabras clave:
Pérdida de heterozigosidad
Cromosoma 9 p16
Cáncer de pulmón no microcítico

The social and public health importance of lung cancer lies in its very high incidence and mortality rate. Cancer is currently believed to be the result of a cumulative process of genetic alterations affecting different genes with diverse cellular functions. Genetic studies have shown loss of genetic material in region 21 of the short arm of chromosome 9 (9p21). This seems to be one of the commonest alterations identified in human cancer. This region contains a suppressor gene, p16, which codifies the p16 and p19 proteins.

We studied 98 spatients with non-small cell lung cancer. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in 9p21 was analyzed using trough satellite polymorphism. LOH and/or instability of 9p21 was found in 23.5% of patients. Contrary to what was expected, patients not showing genetic alterations in p16 had a relative risk of death approximately 1.7 times (p = 0.1) higher than those not presenting LOH and/or instability.

Key words:
Loss of heterozygosity
Chromosome 9p16
Non-small cell lung cancer
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Copyright © 2001. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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