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Vol. 69. Núm. 1.
Páginas 3-7 (Enero 2001)
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Vol. 69. Núm. 1.
Páginas 3-7 (Enero 2001)
Acceso a texto completo
Trasplante de pulmón experimental: desarrollo de un modelo anestésico en el cerdo
Experimental lung transplantation: A model of anesthesia developed in the pig
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5153
M. Fuente1, M. Santos, F.J. Tendillo, L. Álvarez, P. García, J.L. Castillo-Olivares
Servicio de Cirugía Experimental. Hospital Universitario Clínica Puerta de Hierro. Madrid
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Información del artículo
Resumen
Introducción

Actualmente, el cerdo es el animal de experimentación y el modelo quirúrgico experimental elegido por su gran similitud con el hombre, lo que hace necesario un constante desarrollo paralelo de las técnicas anestésicas que se emplean en esta especie.

Material y métodos.

En 20 cerdos se realizaron 10 trasplantes de pulmón unilaterales, tras haber sufrido el pulmón 3 h de isquemia. La técnica anestésica empleada incluyó propofol + fentanilo + midazolam + pancuronio.

Resultados.

No se observaron variaciones estadísticamente significativas en ninguno de los parámetros cardiovasculares ni respiratorios registrados, a excepción del gasto cardíaco, que disminuyó de forma estadísticamente significativa de 3,4 ± 1,1 l/min en el momento basal, hasta 2,8 ± 0,9 l/min en el momento 1 h posreperfusión. La presión parcial de oxígeno en sangre venosa mixta experimenta una disminución en este mismo momento. La presión parcial de CO2 arterial sufrió un incremento significativo en el momento de la neumonectomía.

Conclusiones.

El protocolo anestésico empleado mantiene una estabilidad cardiovascular y respiratoria adecuada para la realización del trasplante pulmonar; tan sólo el gasto cardíaco se reduce a los 60 min de la finalización del trasplante, lo que en principio se puede atribuir al síndrome de isquemia- reperfusión.

Palabras clave:
Trasplante pulmonar
Anestesia intravenosa total
Animal de experimentación
Introduction

The pig is currently the animal and surgical model of choice for experimental lung transplantation given its marked similarity to humans. Thus, this technique requires a constant parallel development of the anesthetic techniques employed in this species.

Material and methods

Twenty pigs were used to perform 10 single-lung transplantation procedures after the transplanted lungs had been subjected to 3 hours of ischemia. The anesthetic technique employed included propofol plus fentanyl plus midazolam plus pancuronium.

Results

No statistically significant differences were observed in any of the cardiovascular or respiratory parameters monitored, with the exception of cardiac output which fell significantly from a basal level of 3.4 ± 1.1 to 2.8 ± 0.9 l/min 1 hour postreperfusion. In that same moment, PvO2 also decreased. PaCO2 was observed to increase significantly at the time of lung resection.

Conclusions

The anesthetic protocol employed maintains adequate cardiovascular and respiratory stability for the performance of lung transplantation. Only the cardiac output decreases 60 minutes after the transplantation procedure has been completed, a change that may be attributed to the ischemia- reperfusion to which the lungs are subjected.

Key words:
Lung transplantation
Total intravenous anesthesia
Experimental animal
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