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Sudden cardiac death and sport. Review and key trends
Muerte súbita cardíaca y deporte. Revisión y claves de futuro
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Albert Agut-Busqueta, Ignasi Galtésb,c,
Corresponding author
ignasigaltes@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
a Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí de Sabadell, Parc Taulí, 1, 08208 Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
b Institut de Medicina Legal i Ciències Forenses de Catalunya, Servei de Patologia Forense, Ciutat de la Justícia, Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes, 111 Edifici G 08075, Barcelona, Spain
c Unitat de Medicina Legal i Forense, Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Received 08 September 2017. Accepted 11 December 2017
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Table 1. Epidemiological summary of 24 observational studies in SR-SCD between 2003 and 2016.
Table 2. Causes and circumstances of death in the general population and in the different subgroups of SR-SCD.
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Abstract

The objective of this work is to perform a bibliographic review of the literature on sports-related sudden cardiac death (SR-SCD), including competitive and recreational athletes of all ages. A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed and SCOPUS, including articles containing relevant information on the epidemiology of SR-SCD or its preventive strategies. The use of different methodologies has led to heterogeneous results. Most authors conclude that the incidence of SR-SCD is very low, sport should not be feared. Preparticipation cardiovascular screening and dissemination of automatic external defibrillators (AED) are used to prevent SR-SCD. Both are complementary and indispensable. Preparticipation screening should include competitive and recreational athletes. A multidisciplinary approach, standardized research protocols and the inclusion of all cases are essential for a better understanding of SR-SCD.

Keywords:
Sports-related sudden cardiac death
Recreational sport
Forensic pathology
Sudden death
Resumen

El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión bibliográfica de la literatura sobre muerte súbita cardiaca en relación con el deporte (SR-SCD), incluyendo deportistas de competición y recreacionales de todas las edades. Se ha hecho una búsqueda comprensiva en PubMed y SCOPUS, incluyendo artículos con información relevante acerca la epidemiologia y estrategias preventivas de SR-SCD. El uso de distintas metodologías ha generado resultados heterogéneos. La mayoría de autores concluyen que la incidencia es muy baja: hacer deporte es seguro. Como estrategias para prevenir SR-SCD se aconseja hacer una revisión médica preparticipación y la diseminación de desfibriladores externos automáticos (AED). Ambas son complementarias e indispensables. La revisión médica debería incluir tanto deportistas de competición como recreativos. Un abordaje multidisciplinario, la estandarización de la investigación y la inclusión de todos los casos son esenciales para entender mejor la SR-SCD.

Palabras clave:
Muerte súbita en el deporte
Deporte recreacional
Patología forense
Muerte súbita

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