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Inicio Revista Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación (English Edition) Unilateral pulmonary edema associated factors after minimally invasive mitral va...
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Vol. 69. Issue 3.
Pages 134-142 (March 2022)
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Vol. 69. Issue 3.
Pages 134-142 (March 2022)
Original article
Unilateral pulmonary edema associated factors after minimally invasive mitral valve surgery
Factores asociados al edema pulmonar unilateral después de la cirugía mínimamente invasiva de la válvula mitral
M. López-Baamondea,
Corresponding author
, S. Eulufib, M. Ascasoc, M.J. Arguisa, R. Navarro-Ripolla, I. Roviraa
a Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
b Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, Chile
c Servicio de Cirugía Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Article information
Abstract
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Statistics
Tables (3)
Table 1. Statistical analysis of the correlation between EPO and study variables.
Table 2. Patient characteristics.
Table 3. UPO predictive factors. Logistic regression.
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Abstract
Background and objectives

In recent years, minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) has been developed and applied to a greater number of pathologies, especially in mitral valve surgeries, as it obtains results comparable to those of conventional techniques while entailing lower surgical trauma and shorter recovery time. MICS requiring one-lung ventilation has been associated to the appearance of unilateral pulmonary edema (UPE), which is a potentially serious complication. The objective is determining the incidence of UPE after mitral MICS and its development associated factors.

Material and methods

Observational descriptive and single-center study analyzing data from patients undergoing mitral valve MICS (right mini-thoracotomy) consecutively collected between the years 2015 and 2017.

Results

A total of 93 patients were included and 26 presented UPE. The most common complications after mitral valve MICS were atrial fibrillation (38.7%), UPE (28%) and transient and/or definitive second- or third-degree auriculoventricular block (19.4%). The UPE group had longer ICU stay (3.3 ± 8.0 vs. 1.84 ± 2.23 days) and longer total hospitalization length-of-stay (15.5 ± 34.7 vs. 10.6 ± 7.5 days). The mortality in the UPE group was 3.9%. A significant association was found between the following collected variables and the development of postoperative UPE: preoperative baseline pulse oximetry, preoperative use of ACE inhibitors, postoperative atrial fibrillation and 24 first-hours cumulative chest tube drainage volume on the first 24 h.

Conclusions

The incidence of UPE is high and its appearance is associated with a longer ICU and total length of stay. More studies are required to understand its pathophysiology and apply measures to help decreasing its appearance.

Keywords:
Postoperative pulmonary complications
Minimally invasive cardiac surgery
One-lung ventilation
Unilateral postoperative pulmonary edema
Cardiac anesthesiology
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivo

En los últimos años la cirugía cardíaca mínimamente invasiva (CCMI) se ha desarrollado y aplicado a mayor número de dolencias, especialmente en cirugías sobre la válvula mitral, por presentar resultados comparables a las técnicas convencionales con menor agresividad y tiempo de recuperación. La CCMI que necesita ventilación unipulmonar se ha asociado a la aparición de edema pulmonar unilateral (EPU), que constituye una complicación potencialmente grave. El objetivo es determinar la incidencia de EPU tras CCMI mitral y los factores asociados a su desarrollo.

Material y métodos

Estudio observacional descriptivo y unicéntrico. Se analizaron los pacientes tratados con CCMI sobre válvula mitral (minitoracotomía derecha), recogidos de manera consecutiva entre los años 2015 y 2017.

Resultados

Se incluyó a un total de 93 pacientes, de los cuales 26 presentaron EPU. Las complicaciones más habituales tras la CCMI mitral fueron: fibrilación auricular (38,7%), EPU (28%) y bloqueo auriculoventricular de segundo o tercer grado transitorio o definitivo (19,4%). El grupo EPU presentó mayor tiempo de estancia en UCI (3,3 ± 8,0 vs. 1,84 ± 2,23 días) y mayor tiempo total de hospitalización (15,5 ± 34,7 vs. 10,6 ± 7,5 días). La mortalidad en el grupo EPU fue del 3,9%. Se encontró asociación significativa entre las siguientes variables recogidas y el desarrollo de EPU postoperatorio: pulsioximetría basal preoperatoria, uso preoperatorio de IECA, fibrilación auricular postoperatoria y volumen de drenajes en las primeras 24 h.

Conclusiones

La incidencia de EPU es elevada y su aparición se asocia a mayor estancia en UCI y mayor tiempo total de hospitalización. Se requieren más estudios para comprender su fisiopatología y aplicar medidas que ayuden a disminuir su aparición.

Palabras clave:
Complicaciones respiratorias postoperatorias
Cirugía cardíaca mínimamente invasiva
Ventilación unipulmonar
Edema pulmonar unilateral
Anestesiología cardíaca

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