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Case report
Raynaud's phenomenon associated with nitric acid: Case report
Fenómeno de Raynaud asociado a ácido nítrico: reporte de un caso
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Génessis Maldonadoa,
Corresponding author
, Carlos Ríosb
a Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador
b Centro de Reumatología y Rehabilitación-CERER, Guayaquil, Ecuador
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Received 18 April 2016. Accepted 26 August 2016
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Abstract

The Raynaud phenomenon is a clinical disorder, characterized by episodic attacks of vasospasm of peripheral arteries and arterioles, causing tissue ischemia of distal portions of the body, such as hands and feet, causing changes in skin color such as pallor, cyanosis and hyperemia. The occurrence of the Raynaud phenomenon in people who handle organic solvents or vibratory tools has been associated for a long time, and it has even been described that the solvents may be triggering some immune diseases such as scleroderma, however, as far as we know there are no reports of exposure of chemical compounds used in metallurgy, such as nitric acid and the development of scleroderma-spectrum diseases. This article presents a clinical case related to the appearance of Raynaud's phenomenon against exposure to chemical compounds used in metallurgy, especially nitric acid.

Keywords:
Raynaud's phenomenon
Nitric acid
Organic solvents
Capillaroscopy
Nail bed
Scleroderma spectrum disorders
Scleroderma pattern
Resumen

El fenómeno de Raynaud es un trastorno clínico, caracterizado por ataques episódicos de vasoespasmo de arterias y arteriolas periféricas, causando así isquemia tisular de porciones distales del cuerpo, como manos y pies, produciendo cambios en la coloración de la piel como: palidez, cianosis e hiperemia. Se ha asociado la aparición del fenómeno de Raynaud en personas que manipulan solventes orgánicos o herramientas vibratorias por un largo período, incluso se ha descrito que los solventes pueden ser gatilladores de algunas enfermedades inmunológicas como la esclerodermia, sin embargo, hasta donde conocemos no existen reportes de la exposición de compuestos químicos utilizados en la metalurgia, como el ácido nítrico y el desarrollo de enfermedades de espectro esclerodérmico. En el presente artículo se presenta un caso clínico relacionado con la aparición de fenómeno de Raynaud frente a la exposición a compuestos químicos utilizados en la metalurgia, en especial al ácido nítrico.

Palabras clave:
Fenómeno de Raynaud
Ácido nítrico
Solventes orgánicos
Capilaroscopia
Lecho ungueal
Enfermedades de espectro esclerodérmico
Patrón esclerodérmico

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