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Inicio Hipertensión y Riesgo Vascular Aplicación práctica del índice tobillo-brazo
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Vol. 24. Issue 5.
Pages 214-217 (September 2007)
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Vol. 24. Issue 5.
Pages 214-217 (September 2007)
Aplicación práctica del índice tobillo-brazo
Application of ankle-brachial index
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F. García Iglesias, C. Lahoz, J.M. Mostaza
Corresponding author
jmostaza.hciii@salud.madrid.org

Correspondencia: Unidad de Arteriosclerosis.Hospital Carlos III.C./ Sinesio Delgado, 10.28029 Madrid. España.
Unidad de Arteriosclerosis. Servicio de Medicina Interna. Hospital Carlos III. Madrid. España
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La arteriosclerosis es una enfermedad sistémica y progresivaque se manifiesta clínicamente por la presencia de enfermedad coronaria, cerebrovascular o arterial periférica. Los sujetos con arteriosclerosis en un determinado lecho vascular tienen un riesgo elevado de presentar complicaciones vasculares futuras en un territorio distinto. El índice tobillo brazo (ITB) es una prueba sencilla e inocua, con una alta sensibilidad y especificidad para el diagnóstico de enfermedad arterial en miembros inferiores. Un ITB inferior a 0,9 identifica a un paciente de alto riesgo, con una elevada probabilidad de presentar una complicación coronaria y/o cerebrovascular y, por tanto, candidato a recibir un tratamiento preventivo enérgico. La medición del ITB se recomienda en los pacientes mayores de 50 años con varios factores de riesgo vascular, fundamentalmente en aquellos con un riesgo cardiovascular intermedio estimado según las ecuaciones habituales de riesgo.

Palabras clave:
índice tobillo-brazo
arteriosclerosis
enfermedad arterial periférica
riesgo cardiovascular

Atherosclerosis is a systemic and progressive disease clinically manifested by the presence of coronary, cerebrovascular or peripheral artery disease. Subjects with atherosclerosis in one vascular bed are at high risk of future vascular complications in a different territory. Ankle- brachial index (ABI) is a straightforward and non-invasive method, with a high sensibility and specificity for the diagnosis of lower limb arterial disease. An ABI below 0,9 identifies a high risk individual, with an elevated probability of coronary and/or cerebrovascular events and so, candidate for agressive preventive measures. ABI measurement is recommeded in all subjects older than 50 years and with multiple cardiovascular risks factors, mainly those with an intermediate risk according to traditional risk ecuations.

Key words:
ankle-brachial index
atherosclerosis
peripheral arterial disease
vascular risk

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