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Inicio Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española Differential characteristics of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the hea...
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Vol. 74. Issue 1.
Pages 31-38 (January - February 2023)
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Vol. 74. Issue 1.
Pages 31-38 (January - February 2023)
Original article
Differential characteristics of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck with no history of tobacco or alcohol use
Características diferenciales de los pacientes con carcinoma escamoso de cabeza y cuello sin antecedentes de consumo de tabaco ni alcohol
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Xavier Leóna,b,c,
Corresponding author
xleon@santpau.cat

Corresponding author.
, Gerard Pujalsa, Blanca Sautera, Eduard Neumanna, Albert Pujola, Miquel Quera,b
a Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
c UVIC, Universitat Central de Catalunya, Vic, Spain
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Abstract
Objective

The present study aims to analyse the differential characteristics of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) without a history of consumption of toxic substances such as tobacco and alcohol.

Material and methods

We carried out a retrospective study of 4694 patients with HNSCC located in the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx or larynx treated in our centre during the period 1985–2019.

Result

7.7% of the patients (n = 363) did not report a history of consumption of toxic substances. The group of patients with no toxic history was older, had a higher proportion of women, a higher frequency of cases located in the oral cavity, a higher proportion of cases diagnosed in early stages, and a lower incidence of second neoplasms. The percentage of patients with no history of consumption of toxic substances increased significantly over the study period. The overall survival of patients with no history of consumption of toxic substances was significantly higher than that of patients with toxic substances use. Specific survival for patients with tumours located in the oral cavity without a history of consumption of toxic substances was significantly lower than that of patients with toxic substances use, whereas for patients with oropharyngeal carcinomas the absence of a history of consumption of toxic substances was associated with a better prognosis.

Conclusions

There were differences in the epidemiological and prognostic characteristics of patients with HNSCC according to the history of consumption of toxic substances such as tobacco and alcohol.

Keywords:
Toxic habits
Tobacco
Alcohol
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Non-smokers
Non-drinkers
Resumen
Objetivo

El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar las características diferenciales de los pacientes con un carcinoma escamoso de cabeza y cuello (CECC) sin antecedentes de consumo de tóxicos como el tabaco y el alcohol.

Material y métodos

Se llevó a cabo un estudio retrospectivo de 4.694 pacientes con un CECC localizado en la cavidad oral, orofaringe, hipofaringe o laringe tratados en nuestro centro durante el periodo 1985–2019.

Resultado

Un 7,7% de los pacientes (n = 363) no refirieron el antecedente de consumo de tóxicos. El grupo de pacientes sin antecedentes tóxicos tuvo mayor edad, una mayor proporción de mujeres, una mayor frecuencia de casos localizados en la cavidad oral, una mayor proporción de casos diagnosticados en estadios iniciales, y una menor incidencia de segundas neoplasias. El porcentaje de pacientes sin antecedentes de consumo de tóxicos aumentó de forma significativa a lo largo del periodo de estudio. La supervivencia global de los paciente sin antecedentes de consumo de tóxicos fue significativamente más elevada que la de los pacientes con antecedentes tóxicos. La supervivencia específica para los pacientes con tumores localizados en la cavidad oral sin antecedentes tóxicos fue significativamente inferior, en tanto que para los pacientes con carcinomas de orofaringe la ausencia de antecedentes de consumo de tóxicos se asoció a un mejor pronóstico.

Conclusiones

Existieron diferencias en las características epidemiológicas y pronósticas de los pacientes con CECC en función del antecedente de consumo de tóxicos como el tabaco y/o el alcohol.

Palabras clave:
Hábitos tóxicos
Tabaco
Alcohol
Carcinoma escamoso de cabeza y cuello
No fumadores
No bebedores

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