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Inicio Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular (English Edition) Segmentation of gliomas in 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT. A multiapproach study
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Vol. 38. Issue 6.
Pages 362-369 (November - December 2019)
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Vol. 38. Issue 6.
Pages 362-369 (November - December 2019)
Original Article
Segmentation of gliomas in 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT. A multiapproach study
Segmentación de gliomas con PET/TC con 18F-Fluorocolina. Estudio multiaproximación
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Ana María García Vicentea,
Corresponding author
angarvice@yahoo.es

Corresponding author.
, Julián Pérez-Betetab, Germán Andrés Jiménez Londoñoa, Mariano Amo-Salasc, Francisco José Pena Pardoa, Maikal Villena Martínd, José María Borrás Morenod, Ángel Soriano Castrejóna
a Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, Spain
b Mathematical Oncology Laboratory (MôLAB), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
c Department of Mathematics, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
d Neurosurgery Department, Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, Spain
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Table 1. Selection of optimal % SUVmax threshold of high-grade gliomas, on 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT, by three observers.a
Table 2. SUVmax obtained in the different ROIs located in normal brain.
Table 3. Methodological aspects of studies using Choline PET analogues in patients with brain tumours.
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Abstract
Aim

Our aim was two-fold, to study the interobserver agreement in tumour segmentation and to search for a reliable methodology to segment gliomas using 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT.

Methods

25 patients with glioma, from a prospective and non-randomized study [FuMeGA (Functional and Metabolic Glioma Analysis)], were included.Interobserver variability in tumour segmentation was assessed using fixed thresholds. Different strategies were used to segment the tumours. First, a semi-automatic tumour segmentation was performed, selecting the best SUVmax-% threshold for each lesion. Next we determined a variable SUVmax-% depending on the SUVmax. Finally a segmentation using a fixed SUVmax threshold was performed. To do so, a sampling of 10 regions of interest (ROIs of 2.8cm2) located in the normal brain was performed. The upper value of the sample mean SUVmax±3 SD was used as cut-off. All procedures were tested and classified as effective or not for tumour segmentation by two observer's consensus.

Results

In the pilot segmentation, the mean±SD of SUVmax, SUVmean and optimal SUVmax-% threshold were: 3.64±1.77, 1.32±0.57 and 21.32±8.39, respectively. Optimal SUVmax-% threshold showed a significant association with the SUVmax (Pearson=−0.653, p=0.002). However, the linear regression model for the total sample was not good, that supported the division in two homogeneous groups, defining two formulas for predicting the optimal SUVmax-% threshold. As to the third procedure, the obtained value for the mean SUVmax background+3 SD was 0.33. This value allowed segmenting correctly a significant fraction of tumours, although not all.

Conclusion

A great interobserver variability in the tumour segmentation was found. None of the methods was able to segment correctly all the gliomas, probably explained by the wide tumour heterogeneity on 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT.

Keywords:
Glioma
Segmentation
18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT
Mathematical model
Resumen
Objetivo

El objetivo fue doble, valorar el acuerdo interobservador en la segmentación tumoral y la búsqueda de una metodología fiable y aplicable en la segmentación de gliomas usando PET/TC con 18F-Fluorocolina.

Material y métodos

Se incluyeron 25 pacientes con glioma, procedentes de un estudio prospectivo no randomizado [FuMeGA (Functional and Metabolic Glioma Analysis)].Se analizó la variabilidad interobservador usando umbrales fijos. Diferentes estrategias se emplearon en la segmentación. Primero, se realizó una segmentación semiautomática, seleccionando el mejor umbral del % de SUVmax para cada lesión. Posteriormente, se determinó una variable del % de SUVmax dependiente del SUVmax. Finalmente se realizó una segmentación usando un valor de umbral fijo de SUVmax. Para ello, se realizó un muestreo de 10 regiones de interés (ROIs de 2,8cm2) localizadas en cerebro normal. El valor superior obtenido de la media del muestreo±3 desviaciones estándar se usó como valor de corte. Todos los procedimientos fueron testados y clasificados como válidos o no en la segmentación tumoral en consenso por dos observadores.

Resultados

En la segmentación piloto, la media±DE del SUVmax, SUVmedio y el umbral del %SUVmax fue de 3,64±1,77; 1,32±0,57 y 2,132±8,39, respectivamente. El valor óptimo del umbral %SUVmax mostró una asociación significativa con el SUVmax (Pearson=-0,653; p=0,002). Sin embargo, el modelo de regresión lineal del total de la muestra no fue bueno lo que justificó la división de la misma en dos grupos homogéneos, definiendo dos formulas para predecir el umbral del %SUVmax. Para el tercer procedimiento, el valor obtenido de la media SUVmax+3 DE fue de 0,33. Este valor permitió segmentar correctamente una elevada proporción de casos, aunque no todos.

Conclusión

Se encontró una gran variabilidad interobservador en la segmentacion tumoral. Ninguno de los métodos fue capaz de segmentar correctamente todos los gliomas probablemente debido a la amplia heterogeneidad en la PET/TC con 18F-Fluorocolina.

Palabras clave:
Glioma
Segmentación
18F-Fluorocolina PET/TC
Modelo matemático

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