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Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular (English Edition) A dynamic nomogram model integrating serum phosphorus and longest diameter enhan...
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Original Article
Available online 26 September 2025
A dynamic nomogram model integrating serum phosphorus and longest diameter enhances diagnostic accuracy of 99mTc-MIBI imaging for parathyroid adenoma patients with elevated parathyroid hormone
Un modelo nomograma dinámico que integra el fósforo sérico y el diámetro más largo mejora la precisión diagnóstica de la tomografía con 99mTc - MIBI en pacientes con adenoma paratiroideo y niveles elevados de hormona paratiroidea
L. Zheng, B. Wang, T. Wu, W. Qu*
Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, No.157 Xiwu Road, Xi’an 710004, Shaanxi, China
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Table 1. Baseline characteristics and covariates of included patients in training set.
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Table 2. Univariable analysis results of demographic and clinical data of patients in training set.
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Table 3. Logistic regression results of patients in training set.
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Abstract
Background

Parathyroid adenoma (PA) is the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) imaging is widely applied in PA diagnosis and location. However, since the individual heterogeneity and adenoma function differences, the diagnostic efficacy of 99mTc-MIBI imaging is limited, which often leads to misdiagnosis and even mistreatment of PA.

Methods

In the present study, we established a novel dynamic nomogram model to assist the nuclear imaging diagnosis of PA. A total of 96 PA patients, with 65 cases in the positive group and 31 cases in the negative group, were enrolled for further analyzing.

Results

Univariate analysis showed there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender, age, and adenoma location. The patients in the positive group had significantly higher levels in PTH, serum calcium, longest diameter and shortest diameter of adenoma, compared to those in the negative group. But the serum phosphorus levels were lower in the positive group than in the negative group. Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that serum phosphorus and adenoma longest diameter were independent positive predictors. The dynamic nomogram model was generated by R software and logistic regression analysis (https://zhenglong-1988.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp/). The receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC curve) analysis revealed that the cut-off probability for the model to diagnose PA was 59.1%, with AUC values of 0.965.

Conclusions

The novel dynamic nomogram diagnostic model integrating serum phosphorus levels and longest diameter could effectively improve the diagnostic accuracy of radionuclide imaging for PA.

Keywords:
Parathyroid adenoma
99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) imaging
Serum phosphorus
Longest diameter of PA
Dynamic nomogram diagnostic model
Resumen
Antecedentes

El adenoma paratiroideo (AP) es la causa más común de hiperparatiroidismo primario (HPTP). La imagenología con 99mTc-metoxisobutilisonitrilo (99mTc-MIBI) se aplica ampliamente en el diagnóstico y localización del AP. Sin embargo, debido a la heterogeneidad individual y las diferencias en la función del adenoma, la eficacia diagnóstica de la imagenología con 99mTc-MIBI es limitada, lo que a menudo conduce al diagnóstico erróneo e incluso al mal tratamiento del AP.

Métodos

En el presente estudio, establecimos un nuevo modelo de nomograma dinámico para ayudar en el diagnóstico por imagenología nuclear del AP. Se incluyeron un total de 96 pacientes con AP, 65 casos en el grupo positivo y 31 casos en el grupo negativo, para un análisis adicional.

Resultados

El análisis univariado mostró que no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los dos grupos en términos de género, edad y localización del adenoma. Los pacientes del grupo positivo tenían niveles significativamente más altos de PTH, calcio sérico, diámetro más largo y diámetro más corto del adenoma en comparación con los del grupo negativo. Pero los niveles de fósforo sérico fueron más bajos en el grupo positivo que en el grupo negativo. El análisis de regresión logística binaria indicó que el fósforo sérico y el diámetro más largo del adenoma eran predictores positivos independientes. El modelo de nomograma dinámico se generó mediante el software R y el análisis de regresión logística (https://zhenglong-1988.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp/). El análisis de la curva de características operativas del receptor (curva ROC) reveló que la probabilidad umbral para que el modelo diagnosticara AP era del 59,1%, con valores de AUC de 0,965.

Conclusiones

El nuevo modelo de diagnóstico de nomograma dinámico que integra los niveles de fósforo sérico y el diámetro más largo podría mejorar efectivamente la precisión diagnóstica de la imagenología con radionúclidos para el AP.

Palabras clave:
Adenoma paratiroideo
Imagenología con 99mTc-metoxisobutilisonitrilo (99mTc-MIBI)
Fósforo sérico
Diámetro más largo del AP
Modelo de diagnóstico de nomograma dinámico

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