Buscar en
Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría
Toda la web
Inicio Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría Factores relacionados con el número de rehospitalizaciones en pacientes psiquiÃ...
Información de la revista
Vol. 40. Núm. 3.
Páginas 409-419 (Septiembre 2011)
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 40. Núm. 3.
Páginas 409-419 (Septiembre 2011)
Artículos originales
Acceso a texto completo
Factores relacionados con el número de rehospitalizaciones en pacientes psiquiátricos*
Factors Related to the Number of Readmissions in Psychiatric Patients
Visitas
1054
Luis Eduardo Jaramillo1,
Autor para correspondencia
lejaramillog@unal.edu.co

Correspondencia: Luis E. Jaramillo G. Universidad Nacional, Facultad de Medicina, oficina 202 Ciudad Universitaria Bogotá, Colombia
, Ricardo Sánchez2, María Isabel Herazo3
1 Profesor asociado de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
2 Profesor titular de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
3 Médica psiquiatra egresada de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Pasto, Colombia
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Resumen
Objetivo

Evaluar el efecto que un grupo de variables demográficas, clínicas y de tratamiento tienen en la rehospitalización.

Método

Se efectuó un estudio de cohorte en el que se siguieron a 218 pacientes durante doce meses. El desenlace principal fue el número de hospitalizaciones durante el seguimiento. Se usó un modelo de regresión binomial negativa para evaluar el efecto que el grupo de variables tienen en el número de hospitalizaciones.

Resultados

El porcentaje de rehospitalizaciones está en el límite superior del rango reportado en otros estudios. El uso de sustancias psicoactivas está fuertemente asociado con el número de rehospitalizaciones. La duración de la estancia y el número de episodios previos también se asociaron con la rehospitalización. La salida voluntaria y la comorbilidad con enfermedades médicas actuaron como factores protectores.

Conclusión

Es llamativo el elevado índice de rehospitalización, ya que influye significativamente en los pacientes, la familia y el sistema de salud; así como en la necesidad de intervenir sobre los factores de riesgo, sobre todo el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas.

Palabras clave:
Trastornos relacionados con sustancias
epidemiología
rehabilitación
hospitalización
admisión del paciente
estudios prospectivos
Abstract
Objective

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect on readmissions of a group of clinical, therapeutic, and demographic variables.

Methods

A 12-month follow-up study of a cohort of 218 patients was performed. The main outcome was the number of hospitalizations during the follow-up. Binomial negative regression was used to assess the effect that a group of variables had on the number of hospitalizations.

Results

The percentage of readmissions was at the upper limit of the range reported in other studies. The use of psychoactive substances was strongly associated with the number of readmissions. Length of stay and number of previous episodes were also associated with readmissions. Voluntary discharge and comorbidity with medical diseases were protective factors.

Conclusion

The rate of readmissions was strikingly high, having significant impact on patients, families, and the health system. This highlights the need of intervening on risk factors, especially the use of psychoactive substances.

Key words:
Substance-related disorders
epidemiology
rehabilitation
hospitalization
patient admission
prospective studies
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
Referencias
[1]
SP Segal, PM Burgess.
Conditional release, a less restrictive alternative to hospitalization?.
Psychiatr Serv, 57 (2006), pp. 1600-1606
[2]
CH Lin, MC Chen, LS Chou, et al.
Time to rehospitalization in patients with major depression vs. those with schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder in a public psychiatric hospital.
Psychiatry Res, 180 (2010), pp. 74-79
[3]
I Warnke, C Nordt, V Ajdacic-Gross, et al.
[Clinical and social risk factors for the readmission of patients with schizophrenia to psychiatric inpatient care: a long-term analysis].
Neuropsychiatr, 24 (2010), pp. 243-251
[4]
S Doering, E Müller, W Köpcke, et al.
Predictors of relapse and rehospitalization in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.
Schizophr Bull, 24 (1998), pp. 87-98
[5]
PB Mortensen, WW Eaton.
Predictors for readmission risk in schizophrenia.
Psychol Med, 24 (1994), pp. 223-232
[6]
AV Olesen, PB Mortensen.
Readmission risk in schizophrenia: selection explains previous findings of a progressive course of disorder.
Psychol Med, 32 (2002), pp. 1301-1307
[7]
PJ Weiden, C Kozma, A Grogg, et al.
Partial compliance and risk of rehospitalization among California Medicaid patients with schizophrenia.
Psychiatr Serv, 55 (2004), pp. 886-891
[8]
G Parker, D Hadzi-Pavlovic.
The capacity of a measure of disability (the LSP) to predict hospital readmission in those with schizophrenia.
Psychol Med, 25 (1995), pp. 157-163
[9]
M Kobayashi, H Ito, Y Okumura, et al.
Hospital readmission in first-time admitted patients with schizophrenia: smoking patients had higher hospital readmission rate than nonsmoking patients.
Int J Psychiatry Med, 40 (2010), pp. 247-257
[10]
MS Bimerew, FC Sonn, WP Kortenbout.
Substance abuse and the risk of readmission of people with schizophrenia at Amanuel Psychiatric Hospital, Ethiopia.
Curationis, 30 (2007), pp. 74-81
[11]
M Olfson, D Mechanic, CA Boyer, et al.
Assessing clinical predictions of early rehospitalization in schizophrenia.
J Nerv Ment Dis, 187 (1999), pp. 721-729
[12]
HC Lin, WH Tian, CS Chen, et al.
The association between readmission rates and length of stay for schizophrenia: a 3-year population-based study.
Schizophr Res, 83 (2006), pp. 211-214
[13]
NR Schooler, SJ Keith, JB Severe, et al.
Relapse and rehospitalization during maintenance treatment of schizophrenia. The effects of dose reduction and family treatment.
Arch Gen Psychiatry, 54 (1997), pp. 453-463
[14]
M Herceg, V Jukic, D Vidovic, et al.
Two-year rehospitalization rates of patients with newly diagnosed or chronic schizophrenia on atypical or typical antipsychotic drugs: retrospective cohort study.
Croat Med J, 49 (2008), pp. 215-223
[15]
G Pitschel-Walz, S Leucht, J Bauml, et al.
The effect of family interventions on relapse and rehospitalization in schizophrenia-a meta-analysis.
Schizophr Bull, 27 (2001), pp. 73-92
[16]
J Bäuml, G Pitschel-Walz, A Volz, et al.
Psychoeducation in schizophrenia: 7 year follow up concerning rehospitalization and days in hospital in the Munich Psychosis Information Project Study.
J Clin Psychiatry, 68 (2007), pp. 854-861
[17]
JD Prince.
Practices preventing rehospitalization of individuals with schizophrenia.
J Nerv Ment Dis, 194 (2006), pp. 397-403
[18]
K Yoshimasu, C Kiyohara, K Ohkuma.
Efficacy of day care treatment against readmission in patients with schizophrenia: A comparison between out-patients with and without day care treatment.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 56 (2002), pp. 397-401
[19]
S Pollack, MG Woerner, A Howard, et al.
Clozapine reduces rehospitalization among schizophrenia patients.
Psychopharmacol Bull, 34 (1998), pp. 89-92
[20]
JH Kim, D Kim, SR Marder.
Time to rehospitalization of clozapine versus risperidone in the naturalistic treatment of comorbid alcohol use disorder and schizophrenia.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 32 (2008), pp. 984-988
[21]
AP Castro, H Elkis.
Rehospitalization rates of patients with schizophrenia discharged on haloperidol, risperidone or clozapine.
Rev Bras Psiquiatr, 29 (2007), pp. 207-212
[22]
C Schmidt-Kraepelin, B Janssen, W Gaebel.
Prevention of rehospitalization in schizophrenia: results of an integrated care project in Germany.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 259 (2009), pp. S205-S212
[23]
HC Lin, HC Lee.
The association between timely outpatient visits and the likelihood of rehospitalization for schizophrenia patients.
Am J Orthopsychiatry, 78 (2008), pp. 494-497
[24]
M Startup, MC Jackson, S Startup.
Insight, social functioning and readmission to hospital in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: prospective associations.
Psychiatry Res, 178 (2010), pp. 17-22
[25]
S Sytema, P Burgess, M Tansella.
Does community care decrease length of stay and risk of rehospitalization in new patients with schizophrenia disorders? A comparative case register study in Groningen, The Netherlands; Victoria, Australia; and South-Verona, Italy.
Schizophr Bull, 28 (2002), pp. 273-281
[26]
JM Haro, WW Eaton, WB Bilker, et al.
Predictability of rehospitalization for schizophrenia.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 244 (1994), pp. 241-246
[27]
JS Long, J Freese.
Regression models for categorical dependent variables using Stata, 2nd ed., StataCorp LP, (2006),
[28]
DO Stram, JW Lee.
Variance components testing in the longitudinal mixed effects model.
Biometrics, 50 (1994), pp. 1171-1177
[29]
J McGrath, J Welham, J Scott, et al.
Association between cannabis use and psychosis-related outcomes using sibling pair analysis in a cohort of young adults.
Arch Gen Psychiatry, 67 (2010), pp. 440-447
[30]
S Priebe, C Katsakou, T Amos, et al.
Patients views and readmissions 1 year after involuntary hospitalization.
Br J Psychiatry, 194 (2009), pp. 49-54

Conflictos de interés: Los autores manifiestan que no tienen conflictos de interés en este artículo.

Para la realización del artículo se utilizó información recogida en la elaboración de la tesis Factores asociados a readmisión hospitalaria en psiquiatría, para obtener el título de Psiquiatra, en el 2011, en la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional.

Copyright © 2011. Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría
Opciones de artículo
Herramientas