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Vol. 60. Issue 6.
Pages 476-484 (November - December 2018)
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Vol. 60. Issue 6.
Pages 476-484 (November - December 2018)
Radiology through images
Magnetic resonance imaging in dementia
Resonancia magnética en las demencias
Visits
326
L. Raposo Rodríguez
Corresponding author
luciaraposo81@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, D.J. Tovar Salazar, N. Fernández García, L. Pastor Hernández, Ó. Fernández Guinea
Fundación Hospital de Jove, Gijón, Asturias, Spain
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Abstract
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Figures (12)
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Dementias of degenerative origin.
Table 2. Scheltens score for measuring medial temporal lobe atrophy.
Table 3. Koedam scale for measuring parietal atrophy.
Table 4. Fazekas scale for measuring hyperintense lesions of cerebral white matter.
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Abstract
Objective

To describe and illustrate the key findings on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the most common dementias of neurodegenerative origin: Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, variants of frontotemporal dementia, progressive supranuclear palsy, variants of multiple system atrophy, Parkinson dementia, and corticobasal degeneration.

Conclusion

Today the role of MRI is no longer limited to ruling out underlying causes of cognitive deterioration. MRI can show patterns of atrophy with a predictive value for certain dementias which, although not specific or unique to each disease, can help to confirm diagnostic suspicion or to identify certain processes. For this reason, it is important for radiologists to know the characteristic findings of the most common dementias.

Keywords:
Magnetic resonance imaging
Atrophy
Dementia
Alzheimer's disease
Progressive supranuclear palsy
Vascular dementia
Multiple system atrophy
Parkinson's disease
Frontotemporal dementia
Resumen
Objetivo

describir los hallazgos de imagen clave en los estudios de RM estructural de las demencias de origen neurodegenerativo más frecuentes: enfermedad de Alzheimer, demencia vascular, demencia de cuerpos de Lewy, variantes de la demencia frontotemporal, parálisis supranuclear progresiva, variantes de la atrofia multisistémica, parkinson-demencia y degeneración corticobasal.

Conclusión

El papel de la resonancia magnética hoy en día ya no está limitado a excluir causas subyacentes de deterioro cognitivo, sino que puede mostrar patrones de atrofia y otros datos con un alto valor predictivo para determinadas demencias que, aunque no son específicos ni únicos de cada patología, pueden ayudar a confirmar una sospecha diagnóstica o a identificar inicios tempranos de determinados procesos. Por ello es importante que los radiólogos conozcan los hallazgos típicos de las demencias más frecuentes.

Palabras clave:
Resonancia magnética
Atrofia
Demencia
Enfermedad de Alzheimer
Parálisis supranuclear progresiva
Demencia vascular
Atrofia multisistémica
Enfermedad de Parkinson
Demencia frontotemporal

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