metricas
covid
Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Neuroborreliosis at the region of Asturias, Spain (2009–2022): Analysis of 38 ...
Journal Information
Vol. 164. Issue 3.
Pages 143-148 (February 2025)
Vol. 164. Issue 3.
Pages 143-148 (February 2025)
Clinical report
Neuroborreliosis at the region of Asturias, Spain (2009–2022): Analysis of 38 cases
Neuroborreliosis en la región de Asturias, España (2009–2022): análisis de 38 casos
Álvaro Criado-Antóna,
Corresponding author
, Patricia Zunzunegui-Arroyoa, Pablo Siso-Garcíaa, David Fuentes-Castañónb, Santiago Fernández-Menéndeza
a Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
b Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
Article information
Abstract
Full Text
Bibliography
Download PDF
Statistics
Figures (3)
Show moreShow less
Tables (1)
Table 1. Epidemiological and laboratory variables in neuroborreliosis cases.
Tables
Abstract
Introduction

Diagnosis of neurological involvement in Lyme disease is based on two-step serological testing and cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. In Spain its incidence is much lower than in other European countries, being Asturias the region with the highest incidence. We tried to analyse the clinical and epidemiological aspects in the main hospital in Asturias.

Material and methods

Retrospective observational study of patients admitted for Lyme disease in our centre over 14 years (2009–2022). Clinical, analytical and evolutionary variables were analyzed after one year. Active neuroborreliosis was diagnosed after registering pleocytosis and positive serologies at the cerebrospinal fluid.

Results

108 episodes were analyzed, corresponding to 100 patients coded at discharge as Lyme disease. 58 episodes are discarded due to diagnostic or coding error. 51 episodes were considered active disease, being 38 diagnosed of neuroborreliosis. Tick ​​bite recall and erythema were reported in 55.3% and 31.6% of patients. The most frequent neurological syndromes were radiculoneuritis (36.84%), bilateral facial palsy (13.56%), radiculoneuritis and bilateral facial palsy (10.52%), multiple cranial mononeuropathy (10.52%) among others. 78.9% achieved a complete recovery, and 15.79% developed post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome.

Discussion

Despite the high incidence of Lyme disease in Asturias, the cases based on hospital admission that can be classified as active disease are lower than those published based on hospital coding. The main source of diagnostic error is positive serological results, without other clinical context, especially in patients studied for cognitive impairment or encephalopathy.

Keywords:
Lyme disease
Neuroborreliosis
Radiculoneuritis
Epidemiology
Borrelia burgdorferi
Clinical manifestations
Resumen
Introducción

El diagnóstico de afectación neurológica en la enfermedad de Lyme se basa en pruebas serológicas en dos pasos y pleocitosis en líquido cefalorraquídeo. En España su incidencia es mucho menor que otros países europeos, siendo Asturias la región de mayor incidencia del país. Se analiza la realidad clínica y epidemiológica en el principal hospital de Asturias.

Material y métodos

Estudio observacional retrospectivo de pacientes ingresados por enfermedad de Lyme en nuestro centro durante 14 años (2009–2022). Se analizan variables clínicas, analíticas y evolutivas al año, considerándose neuroborreliosis activa las que tengan pleocitosis y serologías positivas en el líquido cefalorraquídeo.

Resultados

Se analizaron 108 episodios, que corresponden a 100 pacientes, codificados al alta como enfermedad de Lyme. 58 episodios son descartados por error diagnóstico o de codificación. De los 51 episodios considerados como enfermedad activa, 38 son pacientes que han sufrido una neuroborreliosis. Se notifica recuerdo de picadura de garrapata y eritema en el 55,3% y 31,6% de los pacientes. Los síndromes neurológicos más frecuentes fueron radiculoneuritis (36,84%), parálisis facial bilateral (13,56%), radiculoneuritis y parálisis facial bilateral (10,52%), mononeuropatía craneal múltiple (10,52%) entre otros. El 78,9% alcanzaron una recuperación completa, y un 15,79% desarrollaron síndrome de enfermedad de Lyme post-tratamiento.

Discusión

Pese a la alta incidencia de enfermedad de Lyme en Asturias, los episodios de ingreso hospitalario catalogables como enfermedad activa son menores a los publicados basados en codificación hospitalaria. El principal factor de error diagnóstico se basa en resultados serológicos positivos, sin otros datos clínico analíticos, especialmente en pacientes estudiados por deterioro cognitivo y encefalopatía.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad de Lyme
Neuroborreliosis
Radiculoneuritis
Epidemiología
Borrelia burgdorferi
Manifestaciones clínicas

Article

These are the options to access the full texts of the publication Medicina Clínica (English Edition)
Subscriber
Subscriber

If you already have your login data, please click here .

If you have forgotten your password you can you can recover it by clicking here and selecting the option “I have forgotten my password”
Subscribe
Subscribe to

Medicina Clínica (English Edition)

Purchase
Purchase article

Purchasing article the PDF version will be downloaded

Purchase now
Contact
Phone for subscriptions and reporting of errors
From Monday to Friday from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. (GMT + 1) except for the months of July and August which will be from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m.
Calls from Spain
932 415 960
Calls from outside Spain
+34 932 415 960
E-mail
Article options
Tools