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Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Independent predictors of functional loss and refractures in patients with femur...
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Vol. 164. Issue 9.
Pages 451-460 (May 2025)
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Vol. 164. Issue 9.
Pages 451-460 (May 2025)
Original article
Independent predictors of functional loss and refractures in patients with femur fracture: Follow-up at 6 and 18 months in a Fracture Liaison Service
Factores predictores de la pérdida funcional y de refracturas en los pacientes con fractura de fémur: seguimiento a los 6 y 8 meses en una Fracture Liaison Service
Teresa Casanova Querola,
Corresponding author
31440mcq@comb.cat

Corresponding author.
, Dacia Cerdà Gabaroib, José María Santiago Bautistac, Joan Girós Torresd, Ramon Miralles Bassedae, Montse Martín-Baraneraf
a Department of Internal Medicine, Complex Hospitalari Universitari Moisés Broggi, Sant Joan Despí, Barcelona, Spain
b Department of Rheumathology, Complex Hospitalari Universitari Moisés Broggi, Sant Joan Despí, Barcelona, Spain
c Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital Sociosanitari de L’Hospitalet, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
d Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Complex Hospitalari Universitari Moisés Broggi, Sant Joan Despí, Barcelona, Spain
e Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
f Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Complex Hospitalari Universitari Moisés Broggi, Consorci Sanitari Integral, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Tables (5)
Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the patients included in the study. (n=478).
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Table 2. Description of FLS follow-up appointments at 6 and 18 months.
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Table 3. Attendance of follow-up appointment at FLS.
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Table 4. Factors related to loss of functional capacity at 6 and 18 month fls follow-up visits: bivariate analysis.
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Table 5. Logistic regression analyses of independent factors predicting functional loss at 6 and 18 months.
Tables
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Abstract
Background

In elderly patients hospitalized for a femur fracture, this study aimed to evaluate the functional evolution, and to estimate the incidence of second fractures at 6 and 18 months after hospital discharge.

Patients and methods

A longitudinal prospective study was designed at an Orthogeriatric Unit after implementing a Fracture Liaison Service (FLS). The variables collected included the baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, and the outcome variables on discharge, at 6 and 18 months of follow-up. Logistic regressions models were applied to identify independent predictors of functional evolution.

Results

478 patients were admitted. Independent predictors of functional loss at follow-up were institutionalisation, severe dependence either prior to and on discharge, delirium, protein malnutrition, prior acute myocardial infarction, GFR<30ml/min/1.73m2 and not receiving treatment for osteoporosis on discharge. Patients attending follow-up appointments presented improved compliance with osteoporosis treatment both at 6 and 18 months. A lower number of 2nd fractures were recorded at 18 months for patients who attended their appointments (4.8% vs 12.1%, p=0.01). At 6 and 18 months follow-up, a lower rate of readmission was recorded (7% vs 15.3%, p=0.006), (9.6% vs 25.6%, p<0.0001), respectively.

Conclusions

The independent predictors of functional loss at 6 and 18 months were institutionalisation, severe dependence either prior to and on discharge, delirium, protein malnutrition, prior acute myocardial infarct, GFR<30ml/min/1.73m2 and not receiving treatment for osteoporosis on discharge. A lower incidence of refractures, a lower readmission rate and a better treatment compliance were observed in patients attending follow-up visits.

Keywords:
Femur fracture
Frailty fracture
Functional loss prediction
Fracture Liaison Service
Osteoporosis
Resumen
Objetivo

Evaluar la evolución funcional y estimar la incidencia de segundas fracturas en los pacientes ancianos hospitalizados por fractura de fémur a los 6 y 18 meses del alta hospitalaria.

Pacientes y métodos

Se diseñó un estudio longitudinal y prospectivo en una unidad de ortogeriatría tras la implementación de una Fracture Liaison Service (FLS). Las variables recogidas incluyeron las características demográficas y clínicas, así como las variables al alta hospitalaria, a los 6 y 18 meses de seguimiento en la FLS. Se aplicaron modelos de regresión logística para identificar los predictores independientes de la evolución funcional.

Resultados

Los factores predictores independientes de la pérdida funcional en el seguimiento fueron: institucionalización, dependencia severa previa y al alta, delirium, desnutrición proteica, infarto agudo de miocardio previo, FG<30ml/min/1,73m2 y no recibir tratamiento para la osteoporosis al alta. Los que acudieron a las citas de seguimiento presentaron mejor cumplimiento del tratamiento de la osteoporosis tanto a los 6 como a los 18 meses. Se registró un menor número de segundas fracturas a los 18 meses en los pacientes que acudieron a las visitas (4,8 vs. 12,1%; p=0,01). A los 6 y 18 meses de seguimiento se registró una menor tasa de reingresos (7 vs. 15,3%; p=0,006), (9,6 vs. 25,6%; p<0,0001), respectivamente.

Conclusiones

Los factores predictores de la pérdida funcional a los 6 y 18 meses fueron la institucionalización, la dependencia severa previa y al alta, el delirium, la desnutrición proteica, el infarto agudo de miocardio previo, el FG<30ml/min/m2 y no recibir tratamiento de la osteoporosis al alta. Se observó una menor incidencia de las refracturas, una menor tasa de reingresos y un mejor cumplimiento del tratamiento en los pacientes que acudieron a las visitas de seguimiento.

Palabras clave:
Fractura de fémur
Fracturas por fragilidad
Pérdida funcional
Servicio de fracturas
Osteoporosis

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