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Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Clinical factors influencing the systolic blood pressure benefits of once-weekly...
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Vol. 165. Issue 6.
(December 2025)
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Vol. 165. Issue 6.
(December 2025)
Original article
Clinical factors influencing the systolic blood pressure benefits of once-weekly semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes
Factores clínicos que influyen en los beneficios sobre la presión arterial sistólica de la semaglutida de administración semanal en los pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Jorge Gabriel Ruiz-Sáncheza,b,
Corresponding author
jorgeg.ruiz@quironsalud.es

Corresponding author.
, Roberto Miguel Sierra Poyatosa,c, Bogdana Luiza Lucaa, Begoña Sánchez-Lechugaa, Naiara Modroño Móstolesd, Teresa Montoya Álvarezd, Diego Menesesa, Raquel Sánchez-Lopeza,d, Carlos Casado Casesa, Víctor Pérez de Arenaza Pozoa, Clotilde Vázqueza,b,c,d,e, Jersy Jair Cárdenas-Salasa,d
a Endocrinology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
b Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez-Díaz (IIS-FJD), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid 28040, Spain
c Endocrinology Department, Hospital Universitario General de Villalba, Madrid, Spain
d Endocrinology Department, Hospital Universitario Infanta Elena, Madrid, Spain
e Endocrinology Department, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Baseline characteristics of all studied patients and grouped by uncontrolled blood pressure.
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Table 2. Factors independently associated with reductions in SBP ≥10mmHg at 6 and 12 months.
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Abstract
Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a major cardiovascular risk, is often associated with obesity and hypertension. Once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide (OWS-Sema) can improve these conditions, but factors influencing blood pressure (BP) effects are not well studied. This study aimed to assess the impact of OWS-Sema on systolic BP (SBP) and identify clinical factors associated with its reduction in patients with T2DM.

Methods

Sub-analysis of the REALSEM-SP study involving OWS-Sema-naïve patients with T2DM. Changes in SBP and diastolic BP (DBP) and influencing factors were analyzed over 12 months.

Results

One hundred seventy-eight patients were included (mean age 61±10 years, 43.8% female, 79.2% with hypertension). Median baseline SBP and DBP were 132 [122–145] and 80 [72–88]mmHg, respectively. SBP decreased by −4mmHg at 6 months and −2mmHg at 12 months (p=0.014), while DBP showed no significant change (p=0.395). Factors independently associated with SBP reduction at 6 months included uncontrolled BP and a glomerular filtration rate ≥60mL/min/1.73m2, while at 12 months, only uncontrolled BP remained significant. A SBP ≥10mmHg reduction was associated with uncontrolled BP, dyslipidemia and renal function at 6-month, and only with uncontrolled BP at 12-month.

Conclusion

OWS-Sema was associated with significant reductions in office SBP in T2DM patients, especially those with uncontrolled baseline BP, independent of BMI changes or dose. Patients with baseline uncontrolled BP appear to benefit the most.

Keywords:
Type 2 diabetes
Semaglutide
Hypertension
Blood pressure
Obesity
Resumen
Introducción

La diabetes tipo 2 (DM2), importante factor de riesgo cardiovascular, suele asociarse con obesidad e hipertensión. Semaglutida subcutáneo semanal (Sema-SC) puede mejorar estas condiciones, pero los factores que modulan su efecto sobre la presión arterial (PA) no están bien establecidos. Este estudio evaluó el impacto de Sema-SC sobre la presión arterial sistólica (PAS) y los factores clínicos asociados a su reducción en pacientes con DM2.

Métodos

Subanálisis del estudio REALSEM-SP en pacientes con DM2 sin tratamiento previo con Sema-SC. Se analizaron los cambios en PAS y presión arterial diastólica (PAD) y sus factores asociados durante 12 meses.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 178 pacientes (edad media 61±10 años, 43,8% mujeres, 79,2% con hipertensión). La mediana de PAS y PAD basales fue 132 [122–145] y 80 [72–88]mmHg. La PAS disminuyó −4mmHg a los 6 meses y −2mmHg a los 12 meses (p=0,014), sin cambios significativos en la PAD (p=0,395). A los 6 meses, la reducción de PAS se asoció con PA no controlada y una tasa de filtrado glomerular ≥60mL/min/1,73 m2; a los 12 meses, solo con PA no controlada. Una reducción de PAS ≥10mmHg a los 6 meses se asoció con una PA no controlada, dislipidemia y función renal inicial; y a los 12 meses, únicamente con PA no controlada.

Conclusión

El tratamiento con Sema-SC se asoció con una reducción significativa de PAS en pacientes con DM2, especialmente en aquellos con PA no controlada al inicio.

Palabras clave:
Diabetes tipo 2
Semaglutida
Hipertensión arterial
Presión arterial
Obesidad

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