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Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Association of anti-CarP levels with clinical activity and serological profile i...
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Vol. 165. Issue 3.
(September 2025)
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Vol. 165. Issue 3.
(September 2025)
Brief report
Association of anti-CarP levels with clinical activity and serological profile in rheumatoid arthritis
Asociación de los niveles de anti-CarP con la actividad clínica y el perfil serológico en la artritis reumatoide
Pablo Martínez Calabuiga,
Corresponding author
pablomc96@hotmail.es

Corresponding author.
, Elena Grau Garcíab, José Andrés Román Ivorraa,b
a Escuela de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
b Servicio de Reumatología, HUP La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Disease activity variables.
Tables
Table 2. Distribution of anti-CarP levels in RA patients by serological status (RF/ACPA positivity).
Tables
Table 3. DAS28-CRP disease activity in RA patients stratified by anti-CarP, RF, and ACPA elevation.
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Abstract
Objective

To analyze the association of anti-CarP levels with clinical activity, manifestations, and serological profile in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

Methods

Cross-sectional study including RA patients and healthy controls (HC). Clinical and analytical data were collected, and anti-CarP levels were measured by ELISA.

Results

A total of 101 patients (79% female, mean age 45), and 98 HC (67% female, mean age 55) were included. RA patients had significantly higher anti-CarP levels than HC (p<0.001), increasing with age (p=0.004). Anti-CarP correlated with RF and ACPA positivity (p<0.001). Those patients with RF/ACPA positive showed the highest anti-CarP levels compared to other groups (p<0.001).

The threshold for elevated anti-CarP was set at 17.2ng/mL. Among 35 patients with elevated anti-CarP, 32 were RF/ACPA double-positive (p=0.006), and 3 were seronegative. Elevated anti-CarP levels were associated to clinical activity, tender joints (p=0.002), the presence of rheumatoid nodules and interstitial lung disease, but not with Sharp/van der Heijde score, joint damage progression or Sjögren syndrome.

Conclusions

RA patients exhibit higher anti-CarP levels, especially those with RF/ACPA double-positivity. Elevated levels correlate with higher disease activity and extra-articular involvement.

Keywords:
Anti-CarP antibodies
Carbamylated proteins
Citrullinated proteins
ACPA
Rheumatoid Factor
Rheumatoid arthritis
Seronegative rheumatoid arthritis
Seropositive rheumatoid arthritis
Resumen
Objetivo

Analizar la asociación entre los niveles de anticuerpos anti-CarP y la actividad clínica, manifestaciones y perfil serológico en pacientes con Artritis Reumatoide (AR).

Métodos

Estudio transversal con pacientes con AR y controles sanos (CS). Se recopilaron datos clínicos y analíticos, y los niveles de anti-CarP se midieron mediante ELISA.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 101 pacientes (79% mujeres, edad media 45 años) y 98 CS (67% mujeres, edad media 55 años). Los niveles de anti-CarP fueron significativamente más altos en pacientes con AR que en CS (p<0,001) y aumentaron con la edad (p=0,004). Se correlacionaron con la positividad para FR y ACPA (p<0,001), siendo mayores en los doble positivos (p<0,001). El punto de corte de anti-CarP elevado fue 17,2 ng/mL. De los 35 pacientes con niveles elevados, 32 fueron doble positivos FR/ACPA (p=0,006) y 3 seronegativos. Los niveles elevados se asociaron con mayor actividad clínica, articulaciones dolorosas (p=0,002), nódulos reumatoides y enfermedad pulmonar intersticial, no con el daño estructural ni el síndrome de Sjögren.

Conclusión

Los pacientes con AR presentan niveles más altos de anti-CarP, especialmente los doble positivos, asociándose con mayor actividad y afectación extraarticular.

Palabras clave:
Anticuerpos anti-CarP
Proteínas carbamiladas
Proteínas citrulinadas
ACPA
Factor reumatoide
Artritis reumatoide
Artritis reumatoide seronegativa
Artritis reumatoide seropositiva

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